Prosthetic Joint Infections

嫌気性 Propionibacterium による骨髄炎の一例

White lead tree (Leucaena leucocephala) leaf extract includes antibacterial phytochemical compounds such as lupeol and flavonoids. The study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of white lead tree methanolic extract and gel formulation against acne-causing bacteria Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, also the physical quality of the preparation. The treatments included a methanolic extract of the White lead tree and extract gel formulations. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replications. ANOVA analyzed data at a 95% confidence level (p < 0.05) by SPSS software. Gel formulations were used in five concentrations (3.12, 6.25, 12.50, 25.00 and 50.00 %). The antibacterial activity test utilized was the agar diffusion method. The results showed the white lead tree leaf extract contains flavonoids with TFC as much as 12.33 + 0.02 mgQE.g-1. The antibacterial activity test of white lead tree leaf extract at all concentrations showed the most effective antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis with a zone of inhibition of 2.17 cm2, with no inhibitory zone against P. acnes. The gel preparation extract at all concentrations had no inhibitory activity against P. acnes, but the gel formulations inhibit S. epidermidis effectively at 50.00 % concentrations with a zone of inhibitions 0.82+0.30 cm2. The gel quality parameters looked homogeneity for 28 days; ph and stickiness were matched to the National Standardization Agency of Indonesia (NSI); however, the dispersibility and viscosity were not matched to NSI. In conclusion, plant leaf methanolic extract demonstrated antibacterial activity against the acne-causing bacterium S. epidermidis. Further study is needed on the potential of white lead tree leaves as a natural anti-acne.

Effect of Gel Formulation of Methanolic Extract of Leucaena leucocephala Leaves on Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis

Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) isolated in infections of deep tissues was originally thought to be as a result of improper sterilization of skin and hence contamination of medical processes with this commensal/ normal flora of the skin. P. acnes has latter been identified as the principal agent responsible for the progression of some deep tissue diseases. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns between different strains of P. acnes was determined. Ten (10) P. acnes clinical isolates of infections were considered, two (2) from acne vulgaris and eight (8) [two (2) per recA types 1A1, 1B, II and III] from lumber herniation tissues. Antibiotic susceptibility of some antibiotics was also determined and resistance to tetracycline was seen in 1 isolate, trimethoprim (1 isolate) and weak activity seen in 5 isolates. Heteroresistance to rifampicin was witnessed among 6 isolates. Upon four days of incubation, no inhibition of the bacterial growth by tetracycline in isolate 1(III). Isolate 17(1B) had no inhibition from trimethoprim. There was low inhibition of P. acnes by this antibiotic in isolates 71(IA1), 82(IB), 55(II), 1 (III) and 64(III). Amoxicillin and rifampicin created greater zones of inhibition among P. acnes isolates. Erythromycin was the next most inhibiting antibiotic with greater inhibition zones. Although Rifampicin had large inhibition zones, heteroresistance was observed among isolates 82(IB), 24(II), I (III), 17(IB), 55(II) and 71(IA1) as colonies were observed growing within the zones after 4 days of incubation. The antibiotics resistance expressed in the study were seen displayed among the lumber disc herniation isolates only with none involving acne vulgaris isolates. This study supports the theory that most P. acnes isolates in deep tissues exhibit higher rate of antibiotic resistance. P. acnes hence might be named the etiological agent of foreign-body infections like infections of indwelling medical devices.

/pdf/determination-of-antimicrobial-susceptibility-patterns-3kc509m4yb.pdf

Determination of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns between Different Strains of Propionibacterium Acnes

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Determination of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns between Different Strains of Propionibacterium Acnes