This paper provides an overview of the Industrial Internet with the emphasis on the architecture, enabling technologies, applications, and existing challenges. The Industrial Internet is enabled by recent rising sensing, communication, cloud computing, and big data analytic technologies, and has been receiving much attention in the industrial section due to its potential for smarter and more efficient industrial productions. With the merge of intelligent devices, intelligent systems, and intelligent decisioning with the latest information technologies, the Industrial Internet will enhance the productivity, reduce cost and wastes through the entire industrial economy. This paper starts by investigating the brief history of the Industrial Internet. We then present the 5C architecture that is widely adopted to characterize the Industrial Internet systems. Then, we investigate the enabling technologies of each layer that cover from industrial networking, industrial intelligent sensing, cloud computing, big data, smart control, and security management. This provides the foundations for those who are interested in understanding the essence and key enablers of the Industrial Internet. Moreover, we discuss the application domains that are gradually transformed by the Industrial Internet technologies, including energy, health care, manufacturing, public section, and transportation. Finally, we present the current technological challenges in developing Industrial Internet systems to illustrate open research questions that need to be addressed to fully realize the potential of future Industrial Internet systems.

Industrial Internet: A Survey on the Enabling Technologies, Applications, and Challenges

Power system state estimation: a survey

Trust based energy efficient data collection with unmanned aerial vehicle in edge network

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCADA systems and Industrial Control Systems ICSs have controlled the regulation and management of Critical National Infrastructure environments for decades. With the demand for remote facilities to be controlled and monitored, industries have continued to adopt Internet technology into their ICS and SCADA systems so that their enterprise can span across international borders in order to meet the demand of modern living. Although this is a necessity, it could prove to be potentially dangerous. The devices that make up ICS and SCADA systems have bespoke purposes and are often inherently vulnerable and difficult to merge with newer technologies. The focus of this article is to explore, test, and critically analyse the use of network scanning tools against bespoke SCADA equipment in order to identify the issues with conducting asset discovery or service detection on SCADA systems with the same tools used on conventional IP networks. The observations and results of the experiments conducted are helpful in evaluating their feasibility and whether they have a negative impact on how they operate. This in turn helps deduce whether network scanners open a new set of vulnerabilities unique to SCADA systems.

/pdf/vulnerability-analysis-of-network-scanning-on-scada-systems-3hybfyzh36.pdf

Vulnerability Analysis of Network Scanning on SCADA Systems

Smart Grids (SGs) are governed by advanced computing, control technologies, and networking infrastructure. However, compromised cybersecurity of the smart grid not only affects the security of existing energy systems but also directly impacts national security. The increasing number of cyberattacks against the smart grid urgently necessitates more robust security protection technologies to maintain the security of the grid system and its operations. The purpose of this review paper is to provide a thorough understanding of the incumbent cyberattacks’ influence on the entire smart grid ecosystem. In this paper, we review the various threats in the smart grid, which have two core domains: the intrinsic vulnerability of the system and the external cyberattacks. Similarly, we analyze the vulnerabilities of all components of the smart grid (hardware, software, and data communication), data management, services and applications, running environment, and evolving and complex smart grids. A structured smart grid architecture and global smart grid cyberattacks with their impact from 2010 to July 2022 are presented. Then, we investigated the the thematic taxonomy of cyberattacks on smart grids to highlight the attack strategies, consequences, and related studies analyzed. In addition, potential cybersecurity solutions to smart grids are explained in the context of the implementation of blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques. Finally, technical future directions based on the analysis are provided against cyberattacks on SGs.

/pdf/cyber-threats-to-smart-grids-review-taxonomy-potential-2xvm7dqi.pdf

Cyber Threats to Smart Grids: Review, Taxonomy, Potential Solutions, and Future Directions

The acquisition of data, the processing of those data for use by the operator, and operator control of remote devices are the fundamental building blocks upon which all modern utility control systems are based The systems to accomplish these functions are known as Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems This paper provides an overview of the functions of SCADA and the fundamentals of operation of SCADA systems, including a brief description of the key man-machine interface Several of the key issues and problems in modern SCADA systems, ie, message standards, system performance testing, and system obsolescence are discussed The paper concludes with the current trends toward distributed processing, improved man-machine interface, standard systems, smarter RTUs, and standard software The authors' view of the future, using interchangeable system parts, is provided

Supervisory control and data acquisition

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Supervisory control and data acquisition