Agenda item 8 Approaches to address loss and damage associated with climate change impacts in developing countries that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate to enhance adaptive capacity 1 – Activities to be undertaken under the work programme Approaches to address loss and damage associated with climate change impacts in developing countries that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate to enhance adaptive capacity 1-Activities to be undertaken under the work programme Draft conclusions proposed by the Chair Addendum Recommendation by the Subsidiary Body for Implementation The Subsidiary Body for Implementation, at its thirty-fifth session, decided to recommend the following draft decision for adoption by the Conference of the Parties at its seventeenth session: The Conference of the Parties, Recalling its decision 1/CP.16, whereby the Conference of the Parties decided to establish a work programme in order to consider approaches to address loss and damage 1 Decision 1/CP.16, paragraphs 26–29.

Framework Convention on Climate Change

Soil water repellency: its causes, characteristics and hydro-geomorphological significance

. The holistic study of soils requires an interdisciplinary approach involving biologists, chemists, geologists, and physicists, amongst others, something that has been true from the earliest days of the field. In more recent years this list has grown to include anthropologists, economists, engineers, medical professionals, military professionals, sociologists, and even artists. This approach has been strengthened and reinforced as current research continues to use experts trained in both soil science and related fields and by the wide array of issues impacting the world that require an in-depth understanding of soils. Of fundamental importance amongst these issues are biodiversity, biofuels/energy security, climate change, ecosystem services, food security, human health, land degradation, and water security, each representing a critical challenge for research. In order to establish a benchmark for the type of research that we seek to publish in each issue of SOIL, we have outlined the interdisciplinary nature of soil science research we are looking for. This includes a focus on the myriad ways soil science can be used to expand investigation into a more holistic and therefore richer approach to soil research. In addition, a selection of invited review papers are published in this first issue of SOIL that address the study of soils and the ways in which soil investigations are essential to other related fields. We hope that both this editorial and the papers in the first issue will serve as examples of the kinds of topics we would like to see published in SOIL and will stimulate excitement among our readers and authors to participate in this new venture.

/pdf/the-interdisciplinary-nature-of-soil-9iinp73q82.pdf

The interdisciplinary nature of SOIL

Water repellency in soils: a historical overview

Effect of biochar application on soil hydrological properties and physical quality of sandy soil

The influence of clay type on reduction of water repellency by applied clays: a review of some West Australian work

In order to predict the occurrence of water repellency, which is a labile property, from field survey data obtained throughout the year, it is necessary to identify predictive relationships between water repellency and commonly measured soil properties. This paper evaluates these relationships for diverse soil assemblages. These soil assemblages include a set of reference soils from the south-west of Western Australia (an area of 250 000 km2), more intensively sampled suites of soils in several smaller soil{landscape associations within the south-west of Western Australia (≅1000 km2), soils from single farms (1-10 km2) and transects (≅0·001 km2), and single soil profiles (≅m2). The severity of water repellency was assessed by measuring water drop penetration time in seconds (WDPT) and was related to intrinsic properties of soils using log-transformed data. For the set of soils from the West Midland Sandplain the type of land use was also considered as a variable. There is a general tendency for WDPT to increase as organic matter content increases and decrease as the content of fine mineral material increases (clay, silt, very fine sand). However, there is no single soil property that is able to predict WDPT adequately. Furthermore, reliability of prediction decreases as the area of sampling increases. There appear to be no systematic differences in the capacity of organic matter from pasture or crop to induce water repellency, but increments of organic matter under bush increase water repellency at a greater rate than does organic matter from crop or pasture.

Relationships of water repellency to soil properties for different spatial scales of study

Wind erosion and soil carbon dynamics in south-western Australia

In order predict the susceptibility of soils to the development of water repellency, it is necessary to identify predictive relationships between water repellence and commonly measured soil properties. This paper evaluates these relationships for diverse groups of soil samples.

The soil assemblages include a set of reference soils from the south west of Western Australia (an area of 250 000 sq km), more intensively sampled suites of soils in several smaller soil landscape associations within the south west of Western Australia (≈1000 sq km), soils from single farms (1-10 sq km) and transects(≈0.001 sq km) and single soil profiles(≈sq m). The severity of water repellency was assessed by measuring water drop penetration time in seconds (WDPT) and was statistically related to intrinsic properties of soils using log transformed data. For the set of soils from the West Midland Sandplain the type of land use was also considered.

There is a general tendency for WDPT to increase as organic matter content increases and decrease as the content of fine mineral material increases (clay, silt, fine sand). However there is no single soil property that is able to adequately predict WDPT. Furthermore reliability of prediction decreases as the area of sampling increases. There appear to be no systematic differences in the capacity of organic matter from pasture or crop to induce water repellency but increments of organic matter under bush increase water repellency at a greater rate than does organic matter from crop or pasture.

Relationships of water repellency to soil properties for soils of southwestern Australia

The incidence of wind erosion as related to soil properties and geomorphic history in south-western Australia

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