A centrifugal pump is the most common type of pump used in industrial areas. To design a higher-performance pump, design optimization using mechanical concepts is required. In this study, optimization of an impeller and a volute was carried out to improve the performance of a centrifugal pump. The base impeller was designed using fluid machinery design theory and internal design databases, and its performance was evaluated through numerical analysis. Design optimization was then performed to improve the performance of the base impeller. The design variables and variable ranges for the impeller were defined. Based on these design variables and ranges, experiment sets were produced, and their performance was evaluated through numerical analysis. An optimized impeller was then produced that satisfied the design specifications according to a response surface method (RSM) analysis. Finally, the performance of the optimized impeller was verified through numerical analysis. Stepanoff theory was also applied in the design of the volute, and an appropriate design was suggested by modifying the cross-section distribution of the volute and performance evaluation, with numerical analysis.

Design techniques to improve the performance of a centrifugal pump using CFD

For widely used multistage centrifugal pumps, their former structures are so bulky that nowadays growing interest has been shifted to the development of more compact structures. Following this trend, a compact pump structure is provided and analysed. To maintain the pump’s pressure recovery, as well as to meet the water flow from the impeller, a circumferential twisted return guide vane (RGV) is proposed. To validate this design method, the instantaneous CFD simulations are performed to investigate the rotor-stator interventions. Within the impeller, the pressure fluctuation is cyclic symmetry, where the impeller frequency dominates. At the zone where flow leaves impeller for RGV, the pressure fluctuation is nonperiodic, the impeller frequency is major, and the rotation frequency is secondary. Within RGV, the periodic symmetric fluctuation is recovered, where the rotation frequency is governing. The fluctuation decreases from seven cycles within impeller to two cycles within RGV, indicating that the flow from impeller is well handled by RGV. To examine the pump’s performance, a prototype multistage pump is designed. The testing shows that the pump efficiency is 57.5%, and the stage head is 9 m, which is comparable to former multistage centrifugal pumps. And this design is more advantageous in developing compact multistage centrifugal pumps.

https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ijrm/2013/683713.pdf

A New Proposed Return Guide Vane for Compact Multistage Centrifugal Pumps

Generally, hydraulic excitations that induce vibrations in hydraulic machinery can be categorized as follows:

Vibration Induced by Hydraulic Excitation

For advanced turbomachinery development, there is increasing interest to carry out unsteady analyses for flows through multiple bladerows during a design stage. Even with the huge increase in computer processing power currently available, direct unsteady calculations in a whole annulus domain are still very time consuming. Efficient alternative methods with truncations in time and/or in space have been developed for unsteady turbomachinery flows in the past 20 years or so, but they all are associated with related limitations.The present development is motivated to maintain as many modelling fidelities of direct unsteady solution methods as possible while still have a significant speed-up. To this end, a new steady-solution-like unsteady time-domain methodology has been developed for bladerow interactions.No circumferential domain truncation is required so that a direct periodic (repeating) condition can be applied. For each mesh cell, the temporal gradient term as required to balance the discretized unsteady flow equation is obtained by specially sequenced spatial variations of corresponding cells in multiple-passages. Consequently the rotor-stator interface treatment becomes completely compatible to that of a direct unsteady solution. Thus a fully conservative interface is easily achieved, in contrast to existing truncated models where interface treatments tend to be complicated and non-conservative. The simultaneous solution procedure with the space-time gradient (STG) link enables an unsteady flow solution to converge at a rate comparable to that of a steady solution.The background, motivation/justification, basic methodology and some preliminary verifications are described in this paper as Part I. Further validations and applications with extension to more complex configurations and flow conditions will be presented in Part II.Copyright © 2015 by Rolls-Royce plc

Space–Time Gradient Method for Unsteady Bladerow Interaction—Part I: Basic Methodology and Verification

To meet energy-saving and environment-protective purpose, a series of plastic pumps are developed by composite molding. There are four key techniques in- volved, firstly, plastic hydraulic components with light-weight; secondly, steel barrel as a pump casing and a connection component as well; thirdly, floating impeller strategy where impeller is drifting freely along shaft; and lastly, a self balancing impeller technique which can totally keep axial force balancing. The manufacturing process is energy-saving, and the components can be recycled, which have great potentials for conservation of environment.

/pdf/study-on-key-technologies-of-energy-saving-and-environment-2m1j7vaj13.pdf

Study on key technologies of energy-saving and environment-protective pumps

For radial multistage pumps with stationary vaned diffusers the diameter of the pump casing is much larger than the diameter of the impeller. In the case of submersible pumps, where just a limited space for installing the pump is available, smaller stator diameters need to be realized resulting in a loss in efficiency. Improving the design of these pumps and in order to save space and to decrease costs, alternative stators are being developed at the Institute of Turbomachinery and Fluid mechanics at University of Kaiserslautern. With respect to space, the optimum is a pump stage with a stage diameter equal to the outer impeller diameter. For realizing this concept, it is necessary for the flow to exit the radial impeller in axial dir ection before entering the stator. The advantage of this design is that when keeping the stage diameter constant, a much larger impeller diameter and thus a much higher hydraulic head can be realized. On the other hand, when keeping the hydraulic head or the specific speed constant, the diameter of the pump casing can be much smaller. In previous work, it was possible to increase the pump efficiency of these pump stages to values being comparable to conventional stators. In this paper the comparison to a conventional pump stage and the numerical analysis of the rotor-stator interaction of a pump stage with a small stage diameter is presented.

http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2006elounda2/papers/538-151.pdf

Rotor-Stator-Interaction of a Radial Centrifugal Pump Stage with Minimum Stage Diameter

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Rotor-Stator-Interaction of a Radial Centrifugal Pump Stage with Minimum Stage Diameter