The joint evaluated fission and fusion nuclear data library 3.3 is described. New evaluations for neutron-induced interactions with the major actinides $^{235}\hbox {U}$, $^{238}\hbox {U}$ and $^{239}\hbox {Pu}$, on $^{241}\hbox {Am}$ and $^{23}\hbox {Na}$, $^{59}\hbox {Ni}$, Cr, Cu, Zr, Cd, Hf, W, Au, Pb and Bi are presented. It includes new fission yields, prompt fission neutron spectra and average number of neutrons per fission. In addition, new data for radioactive decay, thermal neutron scattering, gamma-ray emission, neutron activation, delayed neutrons and displacement damage are presented. JEFF-3.3 was complemented by files from the TENDL project. The libraries for photon, proton, deuteron, triton, helion and alpha-particle induced reactions are from TENDL-2017. The demands for uncertainty quantification in modeling led to many new covariance data for the evaluations. A comparison between results from model calculations using the JEFF-3.3 library and those from benchmark experiments for criticality, delayed neutron yields, shielding and decay heat, reveals that JEFF-3.3 performes very well for a wide range of nuclear technology applications, in particular nuclear energy.

/pdf/the-joint-evaluated-fission-and-fusion-nuclear-data-library-3xawwctw8e.pdf

The joint evaluated fission and fusion nuclear data library, JEFF-3.3

The inverted geometry time-of-flight spectrometer NERA designed for simultaneous investigation of elastic and inelastic neutron scattering was constructed on a 100 meter long flight path of the IBR-2 reactor at JINR, Dubna, Russia. Spectrometer parameters were optimized for the thermal neutron spectrum of a water moderator at 330 K. Recently, a new type of cold neutron source operating at 30 K was installed in the sector of six horizontal channels. The cold source in combination with the water moderator allows one to effectively use incident neutrons in wide range of wavelengths.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/554/1/012002/pdf

Parameters of the NERA spectrometer for cold and thermal moderators of the IBR-2 pulsed reactor

The IBR-2 reactor and IREN facility are the two main neutron sources at the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics. This contribution presents data on the IBR-2 reactor parameters before and after modernization. The general schemes of the IBR-2 reactor as well as of the IREN facility are presented.

Neutron Sources at the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research

A new time-of-flight neutron reflectometer GRAINS with a horizontal sample plane (vertical scattering plane) has recently been put into operation at the pulsed reactor IBR-2 (JINR, Dubna). The scattering geometry applied makes it possible to carry out complex studies of nanostructured interfaces in solid and liquid states by measuring the specular reflectivity and the intensity of diffuse scattering of thermal neutrons from open surfaces and hidden interlayer boundaries, including solid-liquid interfaces, over a wide momentum transfer range. The classical analysis of specular reflectivity allows one to determine the scattering length density profile in the object under study in a direction perpendicular to the interface for a thickness of ~100 nm with a resolution of 1 nm. The analysis of off-specular (diffuse) neutron scattering makes it possible to characterize lateral correlations on surfaces and interlayer boundaries. The paper summarizes the first experience in the operation of the GRAINS reflectometer. The instrument characteristics are presented together with the possibilities for experiments with solid and liquid samples illustrated with simple systems. Further steps for the development of the reflectometer are discussed.

Neutron time-of-flight reflectometer GRAINS with horizontal sample plane at the IBR-2 reactor: Possibilities and prospects

The amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) is considered a key factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) ever since the discovery of the disease. The understanding of its damaging influence has however shifted recently from large fibrils observed in the inter-cellular environment to the small oligomers interacting with a cell membrane. We studied the effect of temperature on the latter interactions by evaluating the structural characteristics of zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine (PC) membranes with incorporated Aβ25-35 peptide. By means of small angle neutron scattering (SANS), we have observed for the first time a spontaneous reformation of extruded unilamellar vesicles (EULVs) to discoidal bicelle-like structures (BLSs) and small unilamellar vesicles (SULVs). These changes in the membrane self-organization happen during the thermodynamic phase transitions of lipids and only in the presence of the peptide. We interpret the dramatic changes in the membrane's overall shape with parallel changes in its thickness as the Aβ25-35 triggered membrane damage and a consequent reorganization of its structure. The suggested process is consistent with an action of separate peptides or small size peptide oligomers rather than the result of large Aβ fibrils.

/pdf/amyloid-beta-peptide-25-35-triggers-a-reorganization-of-21sycnl4ui.pdf

Amyloid-beta peptide (25–35) triggers a reorganization of lipid membranes driven by temperature changes

Solid methane is still widely in use at pulsed neutron sources due to its excellent neutronic performance (IPNS, KENS, Second Target Station at ISIS), notwithstanding poor radiation properties. One of the specific problems is radiolytic hydrogen gas pressure on the walls of a methane chamber during annealing of methane. In this paper results of an experimental study of this phenomenon under fast neutron irradiation with the help of a specially made low temperature irradiation rig at the IBR-2 pulsed reactor are presented. The peak pressure on the wall of the experimental capsule during heating of a sample irradiated at 23–35 K appears to have a maximum of 2.7 MPa at an absorbed dose 20 MGy and then falls down with higher doses. The pressure always reached its peak value at the temperature range 72–79 K. Generally, three phases of methane swelling during heating can be distinguished, each characterized by a proper rate and intensity.

Experimental study of swelling of irradiated solid methane during annealing

The design and main characteristics of a test setup for studying the serviceability of the bead cryogenic neutron moderator and determining its optimal operating conditions on the fast pulsed IBR-2 reactor are presented. Using the test setup, the possibility has been demonstrated of filling the moderator chamber with the working medium—beads of a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons, delivered to the chamber by a cold (T < 85 K) helium gas flow over an intricately shaped cryogenic pipeline system.

A test setup for the bead cryogenic neutron moderator of the IBR-2 reactor

Modeling of pneumatic transport of the solid balls of the cold neutron moderator: the distribution of velocity and traveling time

In July 10, 2012 cold neutrons were generated for the first time with the unique pelletized cold neutron moderator CM-202 at the IBR-2M reactor. This new moderator system uses small spherical beads of a solid mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene derivatives) as the moderating material. Aromatic hydrocarbons are known as the most radiation-resistant hydrogenous substances and have properties to moderate slow neutrons effectively. Since the new moderator was put into routine operation in September 2013, the IBR-2 research reactor of the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics has consolidated its position among the world’s leading pulsed neutron sources for investigation of matter with neutron scattering methods.

The world’s first pelletized cold neutron moderator at a neutron scattering facility

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Papers

Experimental study of swelling of irradiated solid methane during annealing

A test setup for the bead cryogenic neutron moderator of the IBR-2 reactor

Modeling of pneumatic transport of the solid balls of the cold neutron moderator: the distribution of velocity and traveling time

The world’s first pelletized cold neutron moderator at a neutron scattering facility