Esta tesis tiene como objeto comprender los procesos de patrimonializacion que tienen lugar en salinas artesanales en Europa y analizar de que manera estos pueden aportar a la conservacion del patrimonio, del paisaje y al desarrollo local en su entorno. Las salinas artesanales europeas han sufrido en el ultimo siglo un progresivo declive, fruto de diversos factores socioeconomicos. Ello ha limitado su capacidad para competir en el negocio tradicional de la sal, abocando a algunas al abandono definitivo. En algunos casos, sin embargo, los agentes sociales (sociedad civil, administraciones, otros) han sabido iniciar e incluso consolidar un proceso de patrimonializacion basado en un aprovechamiento sostenible del patrimonio y del paisaje. Para ello se han propuesto muy diversos productos y servicios asociados a la sal de calidad, el turismo ecocultural y la salud, logrando asi mantener una actividad socioeconomica con suficiente rentabilidad al tiempo que se respeta al medio. Asi, estas salinas han pasado de vivir del negocio de la sal al negocio del patrimonio. En esta tesis se han estudiado tres casos de patrimonializacion paradigmaticos en Europa: las salinas de Guerande, en Francia; Secovlje, en Eslovenia y Laeso, en Dinamarca. Ademas, se ha estudiado el proceso de patrimonializacion en las nueve salinas de interior espanolas que han sido protegidas como Bien de Interes Cultural: Anana (Alava), Arcos de las Salinas (Teruel), Espartinas (Madrid), Gerri de la Sal (Lleida), Imon y San Juan (Guadalajara), Peralta de la Sal (Huesca), Poza de la Sal (Burgos) y Rambla Salada (Murcia). En estos casos, los procesos se encuentran en fases muy diversas, lo que ha permitido entender los retos y las dificultades a los que se enfrentan este tipo de patrimonio y paisajes culturales, asi como detectar las buenas practicas que se han dado en ellos. A tal fin, se ha empleado una metodologia que combina el uso de indicadores cualitativos y cuantitativos, con entrevistas y dinamicas de grupo. Todo ello se ha complementado con el estudio bibliografico y visitas de campo a cada espacio, lo que ha permitido elaborar las narrativas de la patrimonializacion de cada uno de ellos. El estudio comparativo entre los doce espacios salineros ha conducido, asi mismo, a la elaboracion de un modelo de gestion, que esperemos contribuya al aprovechamiento sostenible de paisajes culturales y espacios patrimoniales similares a los estudiados aqui.

Salt in our veins. The patrimonialization processes of artisanal salt and saltscapes in Europe and their contribution to local development

The founding of the European Society for Paediatric Nephrology (ESPN) in 1967 was the milestone for pediatric nephrology in Europe Now, at the beginning of the 21st century, more than 2,000 European pediatricians in 46 European countries work in the field of pediatric nephrology, and approximately 500 of these meet regularly at the annual ESPN meetings Half of these 2,000 pediatricians work in about 200 specialized pediatric nephrology centers in tertiary care units, whereas the other half work in secondary pediatric care, with a special interest in common renal diseases In this article the founding and early years of the ESPN are outlined and include the structure of the first ten annual ESPN meetings from 1967–1976 Historical reports are given by five pioneers who were first-hand witnesses of the development of pediatric renal care in Europe

/pdf/the-founding-and-early-history-of-the-european-society-for-3cucj5dh8s.pdf

The founding and early history of the European Society for Paediatric Nephrology (ESPN)

The roots of renal physiology in Germany in the last century have been traced. Vitalistic concepts became replaced by physical, chemical and mechanistic laws which govern biological processes. First, the main exponents of renal physiology, J. Henle, C. Ludwig and R.P.H. Heidenhain, are discussed, then the (indirect) contributions of A. Fick, K. Peter, H. Helmholtz, E. du Bois-Reymond, J.L. Schonlein and A. Dohrn are evaluated. The original literature bearing on renal physiology in the 19th century is screened by a survey of publications in Pflugers Archiv and Archiv der experimentellen Pathologie und Pharmakologie. We point to the international cooperation in the field. At the turn of the century, renal function was adequately described by a theory of glomerular filtration, tubular secretion and tubular reabsorption.

History of Renal Physiology in Germany during the 19th Century

In 1992, the defmition of erectile dysfunction (ED) replaced the old term of impotence that had been used for many centuries, in order to avoid the general confusion existing until today in this field. In the past, the origin of impotence had been attributed to different causes such as psychological diseases, or witches and demons. In 1764, Fusanacci described impotence that can occur in the male as well as in the female, as a defect in reproduction. The main causes responsible for impotence were identified as inability to achieve erection, a very fluid seminal ejaculation, a defective organ, dryness of testicles, and lack of copulative power after many sexual intercourses with healthy women. Some decades later in 1847, Beatty affirmed that one of the most remarkable changes that can be observed in the passage from childhood to maturity is the development of the sexual organs, followed by the appearanee of new sensations. He dis1inguished impotenee that oeeurs only in men from sterility that for him affeets women, and divided the eauses of impotenee into 3 classes: organie, functional and moral (today defmed as psyehologieal). For Beatty, the . progress of knowledge had taken away magie and soreery from the human mind and now it was widespread only ," among the lowest and most ignorant classes of humble people. In this way, he shows the evolution ofmedieal scienee d~ in XIX eentury in aceepting only the rational explanation of the human diseases.

/pdf/history-of-nephrology-3-2t4rojvdiz.pdf

History of Nephrology 3

With the rising incidence of metabolic syndrome and progressive kidney disease, efforts to halt this progression have become the mainstay of therapies in the era of modern nephrology. The necessity of one versus two kidneys has occupied the minds of leading scientists and philosophers throughout the ages and has laid the foundation for our understanding of progressive kidney disease. This review focuses on the major discoveries of the leading thinkers who with their paradigm shifting ideas and skepticism pushed the boundaries of our knowledge and shaped the theory of hyperfiltration.

/pdf/the-inception-and-formation-of-the-theory-of-hyperfiltration-25ehykkun2.pdf

The Inception and Formation of the Theory of Hyperfiltration Through the Ages

Many artists have used the symbol of salt in both religious and profane works, yet very few studies have explored the symbolism of salt as used in works of art. In this study, Panofsky’s method has be

The Symbolism of Salt in Paintings

At the beginning of this century, the diagnosis of various renal diseases was made with relative accuracy although neither plasma markers of glomerular filtration nor renal biopsy nor imaging were ava

Diagnosis of renal disease at the beginning of the 20th century.

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The Symbolism of Salt in Paintings

History of Nephrology 3

Diagnosis of renal disease at the beginning of the 20th century.