Poly(viny1 chloride) (PVC) has many desirable characteristics that have allowed it to achieve its present status as one of the most important commercial polymers. In spite of its enormous technical and economic importance, PVC still possesses many problems. Its rather low stability to the influence of heat and light results in discoloration, hydrogen chloride loss, and serious corrosion phenomena [1], accompanied by changes in the mechanical properties of the article together with a decrease or an increase in molecular weight as a result of chain sassion or crosslinking of the polymer molecules, respectively [2].

Degradation and stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride)

Long-term performance of poly(vinyl chloride) cables. Part 1 : Mechanical and electrical performances

The wavelength sensitivity of a compounded extruded rigid poly(vinyl chloride) formulation to yellowing under exposure to filtered xenon radiation is determined using a cut-on filter technique. Spectral sensitivity of the formulation in the absence and the presence of 2.5 phr of rutile titanium dioxide was examined, and the results were compared to those previously reported for the yellowing of an identical vinyl formulation exposed to monochromatic light. Maximum in the activated spectrum for yellowing under exposure to filtered xenon radiation was found to be in the wavelength region 300–320 nm for both types of samples. The results agreed qualitatively with those previously obtained in the study of the same material exposed to monochromatic light.

Photodegradation of rigid PVC formulations. II. Spectral sensitivity to light‐induced yellowing by polychromatic light

Most commercial polymers undergo chemical and physical modifications when they are exposed for a long time to the combined action of sunlight, atmospheric oxygen, moisture and pollutants. The extent of this degradation depends primarily on the presence within the polymer of light-absorbing structures. Polymers containing aromatic or carbonyl groups in their monomer unit are likely to absorb the terrestrial sunlight (wavelength λ>290nm) and usually become photosensitive materials. On the other hand, some polymers that do not possess in their structural unit any chromophore absorbing above 250 nm, like polyolefins, still appear to be degraded by sunlight during outdoor exposure. Since a basic law in photochemistry states that a photochemical reaction can only occur if light has been absorbed, it implies that those polymers must contain chromophore groups absorbing the solar radiations, either as external impurities or as functional groups incorporated into the polymer backbone.

Photodegradation of PVC

This article reports on the study of the thermal aging of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) used in medium- and high-voltage cables. It is shown that the thermal aging leads to the degradation of the material and to the modification of its electrical properties. The degradation is all the more important and faster as the temperature is high. This degradation is attributed to a progressive evaporation of the plasticizer at the beginning of aging and to a weight loss of stabilizer followed by a change in the color of polymer and a release of hydrochloric acid at more advanced stages of aging. It also results in a crosslinking of the material and a shrinking of samples. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4728–4733, 2006

Influence of thermal aging on the electrical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)

In spite of the enormous technical and economical importance, PVC still offers many open problems due to its rather low stability aaainst the influence of heat and light. The present report deals with some recent results from literature and from the author's laboratory. Discussed are: developments in experimental methods for the investigation of the degradation of PVC; nature and influence of defect structures in PVC on its thermal stability; mechanisms of non oxidative and oxidative thermal dearadation; photochemical degradation; reactions between stabilizers and PVC.

Recent developments in degradation and stabilization

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Recent developments in degradation and stabilization