Textiles for Advanced Applications

A review of studies is presented in the evaluation of fabric tactile properties with a focus on knitted fabrics and developments since the mid-1990s in particular. The fundamental differences in st...

A review of fabric tactile properties and their subjective assessment for next-to-skin knitted fabrics

In this study, objective and subjective evaluations of fabrics were made to predict fabric handle in a simple way. The aim of this research was to select a suitable form of regression model and predict total handle value with a minimum number of parameters to make a practical approach by using simple laboratory measurements. For this purpose, a wide database of 71 worsted men's suitings was prepared by making subjective and objective evaluations. Subjective tests of primary handle attributes (softness-stiffness, thickness-thinness, and roughness-smoothness) and total handle were evaluated by an expert jury consisting of 18 members, and a subjective total handle value was also calculated using these data. Objective measurements consisted of fabric tensile, bending, shear, compression and surface properties, and pulling through a nozzle tests. A new surface roughness tester was used for measuring surface properties, and it was found that these roughness results might be useful for fabric handle prediction. ...

Objective Evaluation of Fabric Handle by Simple Measurement Methods

Tactile sensation is one type of valuable feedback in evaluating a product. Conventionally, sensory evaluation is used to get direct subjective responses from the consumers, in order to improve the product’s quality. However, this method is a time-consuming and costly process. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel tactile evaluation system that can give tactile feedback from a sensor’s output. The main concept of this system is hierarchically layering the tactile sensation, which is inspired by the flow of human perception. The tactile sensation is classified from low-order of tactile sensation (LTS) to high-order of tactile sensation (HTS), and also to preference. Here, LTS will be correlated with physical measures. Furthermore, the physical measures that are used to correlate with LTS are selected based on four main aspects of haptic information (roughness, compliance, coldness, and slipperiness), which are perceived through human tactile sensors. By using statistical analysis, the correlation between each hierarchy was obtained, and the preference was derived in terms of physical measures. A verification test was conducted by using unknown samples to determine the reliability of the system. The results showed that the system developed was capable of estimating preference with an accuracy of approximately 80%.

Tactile Evaluation Feedback System for Multi-Layered Structure Inspired by Human Tactile Perception Mechanism.

Published research works concerning fabric handle and its basic mechanical properties were surveyed in this review. Fabric handle and its mechanical properties have been studied continuously using KES system for various kinds of fabrics in the period between 1998 and 2005. Statistical investigation by neural network model has been very popular in these years and the accuracy of prediction is higher than that of conventional regression methods. Some novel works concerning fabric sound have also been reported. Quite a lot of works concerning drape behavior of fabrics, seam puckering, wrinkles and pillings have been carried out by using image processing system. In order to evaluate clothing comfort objectively, clothing pressure to human body is investigated precisely.

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Fabric Handle and Its Basic Mechanical Properties

Mechanical parameters such as bending rigidity, thickness, compressibility, and coef ficient of friction are measured by a sensory method for a series of plain and rib weft knitted structures made from cashmere and polyester textured yarns. The values estimated by the sensory method are found to be in fairly good agreement with the values measured on the KES system. The results of our work indicate that by using a standard and controlling the handling manner, sensory assessments can be as successfully quantified as instrumental measurements. However, detectable differences in each mechanical param eter vary with the sensory assessment, depending on the property being considered. The sensory measurement of fabric thickness yields the most consistent and accurate results. Other parameters such as the bending rigidity, compressibility, and coefficient of friction are also reasonably estimated. In addition, the effectiveness of the sensory measurements is also discussed in terms of knit construction and fiber...

Sensory Measurements of the Main Mechanical Parameters of Knitted Fabrics

This work deals with the bending properties of a series of plain and rib weft knitted structures made from cashmere yarns. Additionally, some plain weft knitted fabrics made from polyester textured yarns (PET) are included for comparison. The experimental results are discussed in terms of the structural characteristics (cover factor, fabric weight) and their effects on the bending properties. Theoretical analyses of the effects of yarn bending properties and fabric structure on the bending rigidity and frictional bending moment of the fabrics are based on our straight parallel yarns (SPY) model. In this model, the knitted structure is assumed to consist of a series of straight yarns that have some overlapping regions at the interlocking points. The estimation of fabric bending parameters is based on summing up the bending parameters of these straight yarns, which have some overlapping regions lying in the direction of bending. The estimated values from this model are compared with the values measured on a...

Effects of Yarn Bending and Fabric Structure on the Bending Properties of Plain and Rib Knitted Fabrics

In this work, pressure-thickness relation is investigated for a series of plain and rib knitted structures made from cashmere and polyester textured (PET) yarns. The pressure-thickness curve during lateral compression is divided into three regions, namely, the first linear region followed by the non-linear region and second linear region [1]. The portion of these regions and also the slopes of the linear regions are found to differ markedly by knit construction and yarn structure for knit fabrics. A comparison of cashmere and PET knits reveals that the compressibility primarily depends on fiber material. Besides, the compressibility of knitted fabric also depends on the structural parameters of loop length, cover factor and fabric weight.On the other hand, in this study, the compression mechanism of knit fabrics, previously proposed by Postel [2], is modified to describe the experimental data more accurately. It becomes clear that the main structure of the knit fabric begins to deform at the second region of the pressure thickness curve and the main structure and the constituent yarns compressed mainly at the third region.

Pressure-thickness relation and compression mechanism of plain and rib knitted fabrics

The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-hepcidin effect of pentosan polysulfate (PPS) in Mongolian horses. Twenty-six healthy horses were randomly allocated in to two-groups; one group was treated with a PPS once a week for 4-weeks while another group keeping as placebo. Blood samples at day 0 (D0), before race (BR; day 28) and after race (AR; day 28) were analyzed for serum biochemistry, hepcidin and iron concentrations. Significant reduction of hepcidin was observed at AR in PPS group when compared with BR placebo (P<0.05) and AR placebo (P<0.01). Mean hepcidin concentration difference of D0-BR and BR-AR in PPS was greater than the placebo whereas the iron concentration difference is reduced compared to placebo. Results indicate a novel therapeutic application of PPS as an anti-hepcidin compound to control hepcidin in horses while emphasizing further molecular studies.

/pdf/pentosan-polysulfate-regulates-hepcidin-expression-in-native-4b1pfibv.pdf

Pentosan polysulfate regulates hepcidin expression in native Mongolian horses

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Papers

Sensory Measurements of the Main Mechanical Parameters of Knitted Fabrics

Effects of Yarn Bending and Fabric Structure on the Bending Properties of Plain and Rib Knitted Fabrics

Pressure-thickness relation and compression mechanism of plain and rib knitted fabrics

Pentosan polysulfate regulates hepcidin expression in native Mongolian horses