A system and method for automatically providing content associated with captured information is described. In some examples, the system receives input by a user, and automatically provides content or links to content associated with the input. In some examples, the system receives input via text entry or by capturing text from a rendered document, such as a printed document, an object, an audio stream, and so on.

Automatically providing content associated with captured information, such as information captured in real-time

A device for capturing rendered text is described. The device incorporates one or more visual sensors that receive visual information as a part of capturing rendered text. The visual sensors are collectively capable of capturing both text that is permanently printed on a page, and text that is displayed transitorily on a dynamic device. The device further incorporates a visual information disposition subsystem for disposing of visual information received by the visual sensors. The device further incorporates a package that bears the visual sensors and the visual information disposition subsystem, and is suitable to be held in a human hand.

Handheld device for capturing text from both a document printed on paper and a document displayed on a dynamic display device

A portable device having scanning, imaging or other data-capture capability is described. In some cases, the portable device can indicate to the user when enough information has been captured to uniquely identify a source document. In some cases, the portable device calculates timestamps and location-stamps indicating when and where a data capture occurred. In some cases, the portable device is controlled by gestures. In some cases, the portable scanning device has associated billing and content/service subscription information.

Data capture from rendered documents using handheld device

A system for processing data captured from rendered documents is described. The system provides a way for authors and publishers to add value to printed documents using associated supplemental material. The system can use text scanned from a document and context to identify an electronic document that corresponds to the scanned document. A user can then access supplemental material associated with the digital document.

Adding value to a rendered document

The software processes that facilitate the original loading and the periodic refreshment of the data warehouse contents are commonly known as Extraction-Transformation-Loading (ETL) processes. The intention of this survey is to present the research work in the field of ETL technology in a structured way. To this end, we organize the coverage of the field as follows: (a) first, we cover the conceptual and logical modeling of ETL processes, along with some design methods, (b) we visit each stage of the E-T-L triplet, and examine problems that fall within each of these stages, (c) we discuss problems that pertain to the entirety of an ETL process, and, (d) we review some research prototypes of academic origin. [Article copies are available for purchase from InfoSci-on-Demand.com]

/pdf/a-survey-of-extract-transform-load-technology-48g546ow5e.pdf

A Survey of Extract–Transform–Load Technology

PIVOT and UNPIVOT, two operators on tabular data that exchange rows and columns, enable data transformations useful in data modeling, data analysis, and data presentation. They can quite easily be implemented inside a query processor, much like select, project, and join. Such a design provides opportunities for better performance, both during query optimization and query execution. We discuss query optimization and execution implications of this integrated design and evaluate the performance of this approach using a prototype implementation in Microsoft SQL Server.

/pdf/pivot-and-unpivot-optimization-and-execution-strategies-in-3g4i3l5oaz.pdf

PIVOT and UNPIVOT: optimization and execution strategies in an RDBMS

Indexed views or materialized views are used as a secondary index on a base table with multi-valued attributes. This provides for using the index to search in the nested data. Moreover, indexing is provided on the result of an unnest operation. Indexing a view on the result of an unnesting operation provides the ability to index the contents of a nested collection. One such unnesting operation is “cross apply unnest”. This provides additional options for a query execution plan, leading to a more optimized query. A back-join is provided from the indexed view to the base table to allow fields from the base table that are not present in the indexed view to be included in a result of a query on the table which is processed using the indexed view as an access path. This provides a means of including columns in the query result that are not in the indexed view but are in the base table. The back-join is supported from a single-table indexed view to the base table via a unique clustering key which acts as a logical row locator. Thus, the system can back-join to the base table from an indexed view via the unique clustering key. These features allow the use of indexed views to index a table on the contents of multi-set or multi-valued attributes.

Structured indexes on results of function applications over data

PIVOT and UNPIVOT

A system and method for facilitating secure access to database(s) is provided. The system relates to authorizing discriminatory access to relational database data. More particularly, the invention provides for an innovative technique of defining secured access to rows in relational database tables in a way that cannot be spoofed while preserving various optimization techniques. The invention affords a persistent scheme via providing for a security architecture whereby discriminatory access policies on persistent entities can be defined and enforced while preserving set based associative query capabilities. A particular aspect of the invention relates to the specification of such policies and the technique by which those policies are enforced. With respect to one particular implementation of the invention, creation, modification and deletion of access control lists called security descriptors is provided. The security descriptors can be provisioned independent of rows in tables of the database and can be shared and embody the policy on what permissions are granted to whom when associated with a row.

Systems and methods for fine grained access control of data stored in relational databases

For decades, RDBMSs have supported declarative SQL as well as imperative functions and procedures as ways for users to express data processing tasks. While the evaluation of declarative SQL has received a lot of attention resulting in highly sophisticated techniques, the evaluation of imperative programs has remained naive and highly inefficient. Imperative programs offer several benefits over SQL and hence are often preferred and widely used. But unfortunately, their abysmal performance discourages, and even prohibits their use in many situations. We address this important problem that has hitherto received little attention.We present Froid, an extensible framework for optimizing imperative programs in relational databases. Froid's novel approach automatically transforms entire User Defined Functions (UDFs) into relational algebraic expressions, and embeds them into the calling SQL query. This form is now amenable to cost-based optimization and results in efficient, set-oriented, parallel plans as opposed to inefficient, iterative, serial execution of UDFs. Froid's approach additionally brings the benefits of many compiler optimizations to UDFs with no additional implementation effort. We describe the design of Froid and present our experimental evaluation that demonstrates performance improvements of up to multiple orders of magnitude on real workloads.

/pdf/froid-optimization-of-imperative-programs-in-a-relational-357d3c4cj0.pdf

Froid: optimization of imperative programs in a relational database

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