Objective This study aims to assess the comprehensive and integrated modulatory effects of acupuncture and electroacupuncture on various ovarian dysfunctions. Methods We systematically searched for articles on animal experiments related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure (POF), premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), and perimenopausal syndrome (PMS) across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and four Chinese language databases. The search covered the period from inception to November 2023. We conducted a comparative analysis between the acupuncture group and the model group (untreated) based on eligible literature. Our primary outcomes encompassed serum sex hormones (Luteinizing hormone, Follicle-stimulating hormone, Testosterone, Estradiol, Progesterone, and Anti-Müllerian hormone) and ovarian weight. Dichotomous data were synthesized to establish the relative risk (RR) of notable post-treatment improvement, while continuous data were pooled to determine the standardized mean difference (SMD) in post-treatment scores between the groups. Statistical analyses, including sensitivity analysis, Egger's test, and the trim-and-fill method, were executed using Stata 15.0 software. Results The meta-analysis encompassed 29 articles involving a total of 623 rats. In comparison to rat models of PCOS, the experimental group exhibited a reduction in serum levels of LH, T and LH/FSH ratio. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in AMH, FSH, E 2 levels, and ovarian weight between the two groups. In the ovarian hypoplasia model rats, both acupuncture and electroacupuncture interventions were associated with an increase in E 2 levels. However, the levels of LH and FSH did not exhibit a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions Acupuncture or electroacupuncture facilitates the restoration of ovarian function primarily through the modulation of serum sex hormones, exerting regulatory effects across various types of ovarian dysfunction disorders. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022316279 

pdf/efficacy-of-acupuncture-in-animal-models-of-various-ovarian-11maafuoyl.pdf

Efficacy of acupuncture in animal models of various ovarian dysfunctions: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common hormonal disorders in women of reproductive age, causing alterations in the reproductive, metabolic, and psychological systems. Although its pathophysiology is not fully understood, it is possible to determine the symptoms through genetic, endocrine, and lifestyle factors. The aim of this study was therefore to analyze the association between depression and anxiety in women with PCOS. To this end, a qualitative, descriptive methodological approach was adopted through a literature review in the PubMed, Embase, and VHL databases. The inclusion criteria were: clinical trial articles, randomized or non-randomized, cohort studies, case-control studies, and open access, published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, between 2018 and 2023 with topics associated with polycystic ovary syndrome, depression, and anxiety. The exclusion criteria were bibliographic and editorial reviews, as well as texts that were not available in full or free of charge. In this context, based on the bibliographic findings, polycystic ovary syndrome is a common disease among women of reproductive age characterized by hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and the presence of polycystic ovaries on ultrasound. Metabolic alterations cause a variety of PCOS symptoms, including chronic anovulation or amenorrhea, infertility, hirsutism, and obesity. In this way, PCOS is related to body dissatisfaction, depression, anxiety, decreased sexual satisfaction, eating disorders, and lower health-related quality of life. In addition, the risk of depression and anxiety increases with prolonged exposure to hyperandrogenism. In addition, people with PCOS are four to seven times more likely to have moderate to severe depressive and anxiety symptoms. Therefore, women with PCOS experience significant social pressure, which maximizes the prevalence of mental disorders associated with the syndrome, such as anxiety and depression.

Development of mental disorders in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an imbalance of endocrine hormones with a group of symptoms that occur in the reproductive age of females. It is diagnosed by androgen excess and ovarian dysfunction. Many pharmacological-based drugs and treatments are available, however, the effectiveness of existing therapies is less. Yet no cure for PCOS, but symptoms can be managed with medications and lifestyle modifications. Hence, an alternative treatment method is needed for a complete cure. Currently, much clinical evidence has revealed that Acupuncture (AP) and Electro-acupuncture treatment (EAT) are effective treatments for regulating reproductive hormone levels, normalizing testosterone, reducing ovarian cysts, enhancing ovulation, and weakening insulin resistance in normal and obese women with PCOS. Further, β-endorphin has a more crucial role in PCO, AP, or EAT, which may alter the formation of β-endorphin. The mechanism of AP and EAT for PCOS has not been widely reviewed so far. A good understanding of the AP and EAT would be helpful in women with PCOS. This chapter aimed to overview the probable mechanisms and experimental evidence-based data of acupuncture treatment on PCOS in animal models and human patients. We hope that the chapter study will contribute to a better understanding of the PCOS and AP treatment. 

pdf/effects-of-acupuncture-treatment-on-polycystic-ovary-1dpd3vkozg.pdf

Effects of Acupuncture Treatment on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility, with ovulation induction remaining the first-line treatment approach. Although letrozole has emerged as the most effective monotherapy, treatment resistance, side effects, and patient preferences have led to increasing interest in adjunctive or alternative approaches. This narrative review summarizes the current evidence for ovulation induction in patients with PCOS, including conventional pharmacologic agents, such as clomiphene citrate, letrozole, gonadotropins, and insulin-sensitizing agents, as well as complementary therapies, such as acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine. We also examine emerging adjuvants, such as vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, sildenafil, and antioxidants that may enhance clinical pregnancy rates or improve endometrial receptivity. While robust evidence supports the use of letrozole as a first-line agent, complementary and integrative therapies may offer additional benefits, particularly in treatment-resistant or preference-driven contexts. Further high-quality studies are needed to clarify the role of combined therapeutic strategies in optimizing fertility outcomes for women with PCOS. 

Integrative Approaches to Ovulation Induction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Narrative Review of Conventional and Complementary Therapies

Introducción: El Síndrome de Ovario Poliquistico (SOP) es una patología endocrina ginecológica caracterizada por afectar la calidad de vida de las mujeres en edad reproductiva, debido a la variedad de signos y síntomas que se manifiestan, existen opciones de tratamiento como es el uso de la medicina complementaria y las terapias alternativas. Objetivo: Determinar el uso de la medicina complementaria y terapias alternativas en el Síndrome de Ovario Poliquístico. Métodos: Revisión sistemática con análisis crítico reflexivo de publicaciones desde el 2019 hasta el 2020, en inglés y español. La pregunta se elaboró mediante la estrategia PICO. Se utilizaron palabras claves extraídas en Descriptores de Ciencias de la Salud (DeCs). La búsqueda se realizó en bases de datos Scopus, PubMed, Semantic Scholar y Google Académico. Se utilizó como estrategia de búsqueda el diagrama de flujo PRISMA. Por medio del análisis y síntesis documental se organizo e interpretó las fuentes bibliográficas. Resultados: Los métodos utilizados en la medicina complementaria es la acupuntura, la auriculoterapia, kinesiología, enema de medicina china y la estimulación eléctrica. Por el contrario, en las terapias alternativas son el yoga, moxibustion, naturopatía y fitoterapia. Además, como método farmacológico la vitamina D, la metformina y el hierro o ácido fólico. Conclusiones: La medicina complementaria es la mas utilizada como método de tratamiento del Síndrome de Ovario Poliquistico, específicamente la mas prevalente es la acupuntura ya que disminuye la sintomatología, induce a la ovulación, permite mejorar el ciclo menstrual, la fertilidad y aumenta la autoestima en las pacientes.

Uso de medicina complementaria vs terapias alternativas en el síndrome de ovario poliquístico

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder among women of reproductive age. Current standard treatment includes lifestyle change, oral pharmacological agents, and surgical modalities. However, the efficacy of current therapies is less than satisfactory. Clinical evidence has shown that acupuncture is effective for regulating hormone levels, promoting ovulation, and attenuating insulin resistance in patients with PCOS. Acupuncture may affect the production of β‐endorphin, which may lead to gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion and then affect ovulation, menstrual cycle, and fertility. The mechanism of acupuncture for patients with PCOS has not been comprehensively reviewed so far. Better understanding of the mechanisms of acupuncture would help popularize the use of acupuncture therapy for patients with PCOS. In this narrative review, we aimed to overview the potential mechanisms and evidence-based data of acupuncture on PCOS, and analyze the most frequently used acupoints based on animal and clinical studies. The results of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the current situation in this field.

/pdf/underlying-mechanisms-of-acupuncture-therapy-on-polycystic-1wboqm1x.pdf

Underlying mechanisms of acupuncture therapy on polycystic ovary syndrome: Evidences from animal and clinical studies

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Underlying mechanisms of acupuncture therapy on polycystic ovary syndrome: Evidences from animal and clinical studies