Progress in Co–B related catalyst for hydrogen production by hydrolysis of boron-hydrides: A review and the perspectives to substitute noble metals

Amorphous Co−B-based catalyst powder, produced by chemical reduction of cobalt salts, was used as the target material for Co−B thin film catalyst preparation through pulsed laser deposition (PLD). A comparative kinetic analysis of the sodium borohydride (NaBH4) hydrolysis by using Co−B catalyst added to the hydride solution as powder or as thin film was carried out. Both forms of catalyst (powder and film) were heat-treated at 623 K for 2 h under various atmospheric conditions (in vacuum or by using Ar, H2, and O2 gases) in order to study their effects on H2 generation rate. Surface morphology of the catalyst was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), while compositional and bond formation analysis were carried out using X-photoelectron (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), respectively. Structural characterization of catalysts was performed using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. It was observed that nanoparticles produced during lase...

Structured and Nanoparticle Assembled Co−B Thin Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition: A Very Efficient Catalyst for Hydrogen Production

Wastewater remediation with ZnO photocatalysts: Green synthesis and solar concentration as an economically and environmentally viable route to application.

Enhanced hydrogen production by hydrolysis of NaBH4 using “Co-B nanoparticles supported on Carbon film” catalyst synthesized by pulsed laser deposition

High-power excimer-laser irradiation (248 nm wavelength) at different energy densities (1.3, 2.3, and 4.6 J/cm2) has been performed on silver-exchanged soda-lime glass. Silver nanoclusters have been obtained with average size depending on the energy density of the laser pulses. The excimer laser pulses induce either the reduction of the silver ions or the heating of the irradiated glass matrix. The high mobility of silver atoms in the liquid phase and the segregation effects at the liquid–solid interface can explain the observed silver atoms clustering.

Formation of silver nanoclusters by excimer–laser interaction in silver-exchanged soda-lime glass

In this paper, we describe the apparatus for pulsed laser deposition of thin solid films that we have developed in our laboratories of Trento University. Our apparatus is original for many of its adopted technical solutions: (i) the substrate-manipulator mechanism possesses four degrees of freedom, x, y and z translation and a rotation, which permits one to treat samples with non-planar geometry; (ii) an independent target-handling mechanism moves a circular target with calculated speed profiles which permits a uniform ablation of the target surface to be obtained (normally, laser ablation deposition apparatus uses a beam-bending mechanism and a simple target translation at constant velocity); and (iii) the maximum substrate dimensions can be relatively large, about 85 mm × 85 mm, and, in the case of samples with approximately cylindrical symmetry, by exploiting the rotation, 85 mm × 85 mm × 85 mm.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0957-0233/10/3/024/pdf

Pulsed laser deposition apparatus for applied research

The continuously growing number of micro and nanosatellites launched in recent years has stimulated research institutes and industries to find alternative and less expensive ways to reach Low Earth Orbits. Laser ablation propulsion is one of the most promising launching techniques, even though a dedicated and reliable testing system has not been discussed in literature. We present a simple and dependable apparatus for measurements of laser ablation generated impulse and ejected mass. Impulse measurements are performed by using a ballistic pendulum, specifically designed for µNs impulses, whose oscillations are accurately detected by means of a reflected probe laser with a long optical path, which leads to a measurement accuracy of around 1%. The apparatus provides fast and reliable measurements that take into account the variability in centre of mass and moment of inertia that occur by changing the target material on the pendulum. Ablated mass measurements exploit the programmable displacements of a dedicated target irradiated with a large number of laser shots to increase the resolution of the measurement. The apparatus is tested with a KrF excimer laser at 248 nm and pulse width of 20 ns onto an aluminum target: a highly reproducible series of measurements of momentum coupling coefficient () with a standard deviation of around 1% is presented, along with a specific impulse () in favourable accordance with the literature.

Ballistic measurements of laser ablation generated impulse

Here we describe the apparatus developed in our laboratory for carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation studies dedicated to test thin film catalysts deposited on flat substrates. Our apparatus is original for its unique technical solutions, especially in continuous gas flow mode, and specifically as: (i) the sample holder is designed such that it can allow the gas flow to interact with the entire surface of the catalyst film to be utilized for the CO oxidation reaction, (ii) three different mass flow controllers permit a gas mixture of any composition during the measurement, (iii) CO to CO2 conversion is continuously monitored for long periods of time and can be tested in a wide range of temperatures (30–500 °C) with high accuracy on-line gas chromatography, and (iv) several security measures are guaranteed during the handling of CO gas. To test the efficiency of the apparatus, an experiment for CO oxidation was carried out at various temperatures using cobalt oxide cluster-assembled thin films synthesized by pulsed laser deposition over a glass substrate.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0957-0233/24/12/125901/pdf

A new apparatus for carbon monoxide oxidation studies performed over thin film catalysts

In this work, we present a relevant upgrade to the technique of pulsed laser ablation of fluorescent nanodiamonds (NDs), relying on an automatized graphite-target movement maintaining a constant level of liquid nitrogen over its surface during hours of deposition. Around 60 mg of NDs nanopowder was synthesized and optomagnetically characterized to assess its optical quality. Chemical purification of the ablated nanopowders, which removes the graphitic byproducts, permits to obtain pure fluorescent NDs with an efficiency of 7 ± 1% with respect to the total nanopowder mass. This value compares positively with the efficiency of other commercial NDs synthesis techniques such as detonation, cavitation, and high pressure–high temperature.

Fluorescent Nanodiamonds Synthesized in One-Step by Pulsed Laser Ablation of Graphite in Liquid-Nitrogen

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Pulsed laser deposition apparatus for applied research

Ballistic measurements of laser ablation generated impulse

A new apparatus for carbon monoxide oxidation studies performed over thin film catalysts

Fluorescent Nanodiamonds Synthesized in One-Step by Pulsed Laser Ablation of Graphite in Liquid-Nitrogen