Climate Change Migration Enters the Agenda of the Wider Mediterranean: The Long Way Towards Global Governance

Climate change is an issue nowadays present in almost all of the media daily, but information can be manipulated very easily. It is a fact that, in the last decades, greenhouse gas emissions have multiplied, and to tackle climate change efficiently, it is necessary to analyze their origin and their relationship with regards to countries, population, production, etc. When analyzing a country’s emissions, not only the total emissions, but also the emissions in relation to its population, production, etc., should be considered. In this paper, a new parameter (CE2N) that merges total emissions, and emissions per capita and per GDP is proposed and applied, obtaining, for the first time, a unified and universal parameter that considers the emission efficiency and total emissions at the same time and can be used in all countries. We validated this new parameter with its implementation in previous environmental models, and the results obtained showed that CE2N would help to increase the transparency and objectivity of these models, giving more weight to emission efficiency, rather than other, more subjective criteria previously used. In addition, CE2N could be implemented in future international agreements, being beneficial not only for the scientific community, but also for policymakers.

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/4/1522/pdf?version=1645523073

A New Climate Change Analysis Parameter: A Global or a National Approach Dilemma

Abstract This paper provides a systematic review of the concept of climate justice by revealing it's main linkages to sustainable development. The United Nations established the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, instituting a set of universal goals in essential areas of action related to sustainable development. The SDGs confront especially pertinent socioeconomic problems and pressing environmental challenges like climate change. Including a specific climate target, SDG 13, climate change is a global and acute issue that jeopardizes the achievement of all SDGs. This study aims to analyze the concept of climate justice in the context of sustainable development. The systematic literature review integrates the Search, Appraisal, Synthesis, and Analysis (SALSA) framework, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews, and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement under the PSALSAR (Protocol, Search, Appraisal, Synthesis, Analysis, and Report) framework. The performed analysis provides future research guidelines based on identified gaps. 

Climate justice from the lens of sustainable development

Agricultural land-use system management: research progress and perspectives

Ecological footprint–technological innovations nexus: new empirical evidence from panel data estimations

The mitigation required to achieve the 1.5 °C goal of the Paris Agreement entails drastic emissions reductions. The mentioned goal is of special interest for regions like the Mediterranean where the average temperature is rising above the world average with the consequential risk for the future viability of its different ecosystems. The objective of this work is to analyze if the commitments of the Mediterranean Basin countries submitted under the Paris Agreement framework are in line with the 1.5 °C goal. For this analysis, the cumulative emissions of the current Nationally Determined Contributions of these countries until 2030, are compared with the result obtained from distributing the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions compatible with the 1.5 °C global mitigation scenario between 2018 and 2100. This distribution is obtained using the Model of Climate Justice that allocates the global emissions by using equity criteria (equality and responsibility) that take into consideration the historical responsibility for each country, in the period from 1994 to 2017. There are two main conclusions from the analysis of the NDCs. Firstly, it is concluded that the Mediterranean Basin countries, as a whole, are not in line with the 1.5 °C goal, because by 2030, 77% of the emissions budget that should be available until 2100, based on the equity criteria aforementioned, will already have been emitted. And, secondly, when the NDCs for each one of the countries are compared, some significant differences in the degree of ambition can be seen.

/pdf/equitable-mitigation-to-achieve-the-1-5-c-goal-in-the-1c8hrurk66.pdf

Equitable mitigation to achieve the 1.5 °C goal in the Mediterranean Basin.

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Equitable mitigation to achieve the 1.5 °C goal in the Mediterranean Basin.