Metal nanoparticles in ionic liquids: Synthesis and catalytic applications

Hydrometallurgical recovery of platinum-group metals from spent auto-catalysts – Focus on leaching and solvent extraction

Recent advances and prospects in electrochemical coupling technologies for metal recovery from water.

ABSTRACT Increasing applications of precious metals (PMs: Au, Ag and platinum group metals) and the growing demand is a matter of great concern for supply security. The hydrometallurgical route through chloride-based leaching has been considered as the most promising method to recover almost all the metals. However, separation of metal-chloro complexes formed during the leaching is difficult to achieve because of similar properties of these complexes. Among the methods developed to extract and separate the metal-chloro complexes, ionic liquid (IL)-based solvent extraction has been recognized as one of the most promising approaches. The ionic liquids possess unique characteristics of ‘greener,’ ‘designer’ and ‘highly effective’ solvents. This paper reviews extraction and separation of PM-chloro complexes by ionic liquids. Mechanisms and IL role in the process, along with merits and drawbacks of IL-assisted solvent extraction are discussed comprehensively. Effects of operational conditions, stripping, and regeneration of the loaded ILs and possible use of ionic liquids in other separation methods are also presented. A flow-sheet for separation of PM-chloro complexes has been developed as a part of basic process approach using ionic liquids. In addition, future directions for the development and application of IL-assisted solvent extraction in separation of precious metals are provided.

Ionic Liquids-Assisted Solvent Extraction of Precious Metals from Chloride Solutions

Cyano-functionalized ionic porous polymer: a novel adsorbent for effectively enriching trace estrogens in water and milk

Selective recovery of platinum by combining a novel reusable ionic liquid with electrodeposition

Mixed [C8bet]Br/[C4mim][NTf2] ionic liquids were used as a new extraction system to extract Pd(II) from multimetal-ion solutions. The separation factors KPd/M (M: Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn, Co) are greater th...

Recovery of Pd(II) from Hydrochloric Acid Medium by Solvent Extraction–Direct Electrodeposition Using Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic ILs

Hydrophobic phosphonium-based ionic liquids as novel extractants for palladium(II) recovery from alkaline cyanide solutions

Microemulsion system constructed with a new cyano-functionalized ionic liquid for the extraction of Pd(II) and preparation of palladium nanoparticles

A novel functional ion-exchange/adsorption metal organic resin (MOR), TEBAC-HKUST-1, was prepared and characterized. Ethanedithiol was used as the grafting agent to introduce thiol groups onto HKUST-1, and 4-vinylbenzyl chloride was then grafted onto SH-HKUST-1 using thiol groups. Finally, the quaternary ammonium functional group was immobilized onto the carrier by performing a quaternization reaction. The structure and property of TEBAC-HKUST-1 MOR were characterized by TGA, N2 adsorption-desorption, FTIR, SEM, and XRD. TEBAC-HKUST-1 MOR was used to remove metal cyanide complexes from wastewater. The adsorption was rapid, and the metal cyanide complexes including Pt(CN)42-, Co(CN)63-, Cu(CN)32-, and Fe(CN)63- were removed in 30 min. TEBAC-HKUST-1 MOR exhibited a high stability in neutral and weak basic aqueous solutions. Furthermore, Pt(II) could be efficiently recovered through two-step elution. The recovery rate of Pt(II) for five cycles were over 92.0% in the mixture solution containing Pt(CN)42-, Co(CN)63-, Cu(CN)32-, and Fe(CN)63-. The kinetic data were best fitted with the pseudo second-order model. Moreover, the isothermal data were best fitted with the Langmuir model. The thermodynamic results show that the adsorption is a spontaneous and exothermic process. TEBAC-HKUST-1 MOR not only exhibited excellent ability for the rapid removal of metal cyanide complexes, but also provided a new idea for the extraction of noble metals from cyanide-contaminated water.

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/15/2779/pdf

Two-Step Elution Recovery of Cyanide Platinum Using Functional Metal Organic Resin

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