The functions performed by employees in this job family will vary by level, but may include the following: Develops, prepares and/or reviews engineering plans and designs for structures, facilities and/or systems. Develops, prepares and reviews reports and studies to identify and recommend engineering solutions. Performs engineering inspections of systems operations and of structures and facilities during construction. Interprets, develops and implements statutes and regulations. Reviews applications and issues permits. Performs physical and chemical tests to assure the quality of construction and facility operations and ambient conditions. Reviews engineering program activities to make recommendations for changes in policy and procedures. Conducts engineering research and provides technical assistance to consulting engineers, contractors, public officials, municipalities and industry.

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/5308791/5322659/05324338.pdf

The professional engineer

: Stormwater runoff occurs naturally after every storm event; however, traditional development practices have created many impervious surfaces (e.g., buildings, parking lots, streets) that increase runoff volume and flow rate. Conventional stormwater management practices focus on collecting runoff into centralized channels and conveying it as quickly as possible to local bodies of water. This type of conveyance system decreases the opportunity for stormwater to naturally infiltrate back into the ground. It also prevents contaminants from being naturally filtered out of stormwater flows. As a result, centralized conveyance systems can cause flooding, erosion, and terrestrial/aquatic habitat degradation. Innovative stormwater management strategies treat stormwater on-site by encouraging infiltration, decreasing flow rates, and reducing pollutant loads. Value-Focused Thinking (VFT) was used in this research to develop a decision analysis model to assist Air Force decision makers in evaluating and selecting innovative stormwater management strategies. VFT is a multi-objective decision analysis model that compares alternatives based on the values of the decision maker. Nine stormwater technologies were evaluated across thirteen evaluation measures. Through deterministic analysis and sensitivity analysis, a grassed swale was found to be the top alternative, followed very closely by the infiltration basin and wet detention options. VFT proved to be a useful methodology in producing an objective solution to this complex, multi-objective decision problem.

/pdf/using-value-focused-thinking-to-evaluate-the-use-of-3r7j99opl6.pdf

Using Value-Focused Thinking to Evaluate the Use of Innovative Stormwater Management Technologies on Air Force Installations

: Natural runoff processes have been altered by urban development; impervious surfaces (rooftops, highways, parking areas) and their associated storm water systems channel runoff from a vast area into one concentrated outflow. This storm water runoff can cause erosion, flooding, landslides, and significant damage to aquatic ecosystems. Runoff from highways and parking areas has also been known to contain high levels of suspended solids, heavy metals and hydrocarbons. Porous pavements allow infiltration of water through typically impervious surfaces, reducing storm water volumes and acting as a pollutant filtration system. Since there is currently no methodology for Air Force decision-makers to compare conventional and porous pavements, a model was created using Value-Focused Thinking (VFT) to evaluate different paving options. Four porous paving alternatives were compared against two conventional paving alternatives at three separate geographic locations. These alternatives were scored using a total of 12 evaluation measures that were identified as important to the pavement selection process. Structural turf was found to be the best option for northern tier locations, while conventional asphalt was the best choice for central and southern areas. VFT was also shown to be an effective methodology for comparing conventional and porous paving alternatives, objectively weighing economic costs against environmental considerations.

/pdf/using-value-focused-thinking-to-evaluate-the-practicality-of-41unbvk2rl.pdf

Using Value-Focused Thinking to Evaluate the Practicality of Porous Pavement Parking Areas on Air Force Installations

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Using Value-Focused Thinking to Evaluate the Practicality of Porous Pavement Parking Areas on Air Force Installations