In contrast with traditional videos, omnidirectional videos enable spherical viewing direction with support for head-mounted displays, providing an interactive and immersive experience Unfortunately, to the best of our knowledge, there are only a few visual quality assessment (VQA) methods, either subjective or objective, for omnidirectional video coding This paper proposes both subjective and objective methods for assessing the quality loss in encoding an omnidirectional video Specifically, we first present a new database, which includes the viewing direction data from several subjects watching omnidirectional video sequences Then, from our database, we find a high consistency in viewing directions across different subjects The viewing directions are normally distributed in the center of the front regions, but they sometimes fall into other regions, related to the video content Given this finding, we present a subjective VQA method for measuring the difference mean opinion score (DMOS) of the whole and regional omnidirectional video, in terms of overall DMOS and vectorized DMOS, respectively Moreover, we propose two objective VQA methods for the encoded omnidirectional video, in light of the human perception characteristics of the omnidirectional video One method weighs the distortion of pixels with regard to their distances to the center of front regions, which considers human preference in a panorama The other method predicts viewing directions according to the video content, and then the predicted viewing directions are leveraged to allocate weights to the distortion of each pixel in our objective VQA method Finally, our experimental results verify that both the subjective and objective methods proposed in this paper advance the state-of-the-art VQA for omnidirectional videos

Assessing Visual Quality of Omnidirectional Videos

Large language models (LLMs) trained on real-world data can inadvertently reflect harmful societal biases, particularly toward historically marginalized communities. While previous work has primarily focused on harms related to age and race, emerging research has shown that biases toward disabled communities exist. This study extends prior work exploring the existence of harms by identifying categories of LLM-perpetuated harms toward the disability community. We conducted 19 focus groups, during which 56 participants with disabilities probed a dialog model about disability and discussed and annotated its responses. Participants rarely characterized model outputs as blatantly offensive or toxic. Instead, participants used nuanced language to detail how the dialog model mirrored subtle yet harmful stereotypes they encountered in their lives and dominant media, e.g., inspiration porn and able-bodied saviors. Participants often implicated training data as a cause for these stereotypes and recommended training the model on diverse identities from disability-positive resources. Our discussion further explores representative data strategies to mitigate harm related to different communities through annotation co-design with ML researchers and developers.

/pdf/i-wouldnt-say-offensive-but-disability-centered-perspectives-2mqmmz1u.pdf

"I wouldn’t say offensive but...": Disability-Centered Perspectives on Large Language Models

Different from 2-dimensional (2D) videos, panoramic videos contain spherical viewing direction with the support of head-mounted displays, thus improving immersive and interactive visual experience. Unfortunately, to our best knowledge, there are few subjective visual quality assessment (VQA) methods for panoramic videos. In this paper, we therefore propose a subjective VQA method for assessing quality loss of impaired panoramic videos. Specifically, we first establish a database containing viewing direction data of several subjects on watching panoramic videos. Then, we find out that there exists high consistency of viewing direction on panoramic videos across different subjects. Upon this finding, we present a procedure of subjective test in measuring quality of panoramic videos by different subjects, yielding different mean opinion score (DMOS). To couple with inconsistency of viewing directions on panoramic videos, we further propose a vectorized DMOS metric. Finally, experimental results verify that our subjective VQA method, in the forms of both overall and vectorized DMOS metrics, is effective in measuring subjective quality of panoramic videos.

A subjective visual quality assessment method of panoramic videos

In recent years, the applications and accessibility of Virtual Reality (VR) for the healthcare sector have continued to grow. However, so far, most VR applications are only relevant in research settings. Information about what healthcare professionals would need to independently integrate VR applications into their daily working routines is missing. The actual needs and concerns of the people who work in the healthcare sector are often disregarded in the development of VR applications, even though they are the ones who are supposed to use them in practice. By means of this study, we systematically involve health professionals in the development process of VR applications. In particular, we conducted an online survey with 102 healthcare professionals based on a video prototype which demonstrates a software platform that allows them to create and utilise VR experiences on their own. For this study, we adapted and extended the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The survey focused on the perceived usefulness and the ease of use of such a platform, as well as the attitude and ethical concerns the users might have. The results show a generally positive attitude toward such a software platform. The users can imagine various use cases in different health domains. However, the perceived usefulness is tied to the actual ease of use of the platform and sufficient support for learning and working with the platform. In the discussion, we explain how these results can be generalized to facilitate the integration of VR in healthcare practice.

Opportunities and Challenges of Virtual Reality in Healthcare – A Domain Experts Inquiry

Dalam bidang pendidikan dasar, matematika merupakan sebuah pelajaran dasar dan fundamental. Namun, banyak peserta didik yang tidak menunjukkan sikap positif terhadap mata pelajaran ini. Untuk itulah diperlukan inovasi dalam pembelajaran, salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan game edukasi.
Puzzle adalah game dengan aturan yang sederhana dan mudah dimengerti dan dapat merangsang kemampuan matematika. Sedangkan RPG adalah game yang alurnya variatif, interaktif dan dapat meningkatkan ketertarikan pemain. Puzzle RPG adalah penggabungan kedua jenis game tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan mengukur efektivitas game dari ketiga jenis game tersebut sebagai sarana belajar matematika pada tingkat sekolah dasar (kelas 1 - 3).
Keefektifan game edukasi dilihat dari peningkatan hasil belajar yang diperoleh setelah dilakukan percobaan. Untuk mengetahui jenis game manakah yang paling efektif adalah dengan cara membandingkan peningkatan hasil belajar setelah meggunakan ketiga game tersebut. Analisis perbandingan akan dilakukan dengan uji perbedaan menggunakan ANOVA dan uji lanjut menggunakan scheffe.
Hasil percobaan menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar pada game puzzle RPG sebesar 53,9%, game RPG sebesar 41,7% dan game puzzle sebesar 33,9%. Setelah dilakukan uji ANOVA, didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada ketiga hasil tersebut. Untuk mengetahui perbedaan pada masing-masing game dilakukan uji scheffe dan didapatkan hasil bahwa hanya hasil belajar antara game puzzle dan puzzle RPG saja yang perbedaannya signifikan. Kesimpulannya, berdasarkan peningkatan hasil belajar, game puzzle RPG memiliki pengaruh terbesar. Berdasarkan uji lanjut dan perbandingan, game berjenis puzzle RPG hanya lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan game puzzle, dan tidak jauh berbeda dibandingkan dengan game RPG. Sedangkan game RPG tidak jauh berbeda dibandingkan dengan game puzzle.

=================================================================

Mathematics is a basic and fundamental subject in primary education. 
Nonetheless, students tend to have negative attitudes towards the subject. As a 
consequence, this suggests a call for innovations in the teaching and learning of 
mathematics and one of th
em is the use of educative games. 
Puzzle is a game with simple and easy
-
to
-
understand rules and offers the 
ability to stimulate children’s mathematical ability and RPG (Role
-
Playing Game) 
is a game that allows a wide range of variations and interactions among 
participants and is able to in
crease their interests. Meanwhile, Puzzle RPG is the 
combination of the two. The current study was aimed at developing and measuring 
the effectiveness of the three types of games as a tool in the mathematics learning 
of primary level students (Grade 1
-
3). 
The effectiveness of each of these educative games was derived from the 
improvements in the participants’ learning results following the experiment. The 
results of the participants were compared and contrasted after the implementation 
of the three games t
o find out which game came out more effective than the others. 
Comparative analyses were then calculated using an ANOVA test as well as a 
scheffe test, to further examine the differences of individual games’ impacts. 
The experiment resulted in an increas
e of 53.9% in the participants’ 
learning outputs after the implementation of the Puzzle RPG, 41.7% after the RPG 
game, and 33.9% after the puzzle game. In regard to the statistical measures, the 
ANOVA test demonstrated some significant differences among th
e three games. 
However, the scheffe test applied to the participants’ learning results showed that 
a significant result was only found in the difference between the puzzle game and 
the puzzle RPG game. In summary, based on the participants’ learning result
s, the 
puzzle RPG carried the biggest impact. Nevertheless, following the statistical tests, 
the puzzle RPG game was significantly more effective only if compared to the puzzle 
game and was only slightly more effective than the RPG game. Meanwhile, the RPG
was not much more effective than the puzzle game.

/pdf/efektivitas-penggunaan-game-edukasi-berjenis-puzzle-rpg-dan-2m5ls8jkqg.pdf

Efektivitas penggunaan game edukasi berjenis puzzle, rpg dan puzzle rpg sebagai sarana belajar matematika

Purpose: The literature review presents a conceptual participatory design through accessibility technology solutions, considering the design experience to be an essential factor in communication pr...

A review: accessible technology through participatory design.

Role Playing Games allow users to impersonate characters whose skills are managed through rules and game mechanics. Some popular games use cards where the user summons creatures, spells and other resources for winning the match. An important factor in these scenarios is the player’s imagination and the commitment to the role is playing, however, the game’s set up require a physical space containing a table for drawing the cards and space for the players. With the spreading of gaming hand-held and mobile devices, the development of RPG card-based video games have been gaining momentum as a complimentary mean for mobile experience the games against the computer or others around the world. Another alternative for increasing immersion can be found in augmented reality where the game cards can be enhanced with compute graphics to boost user engagement and interaction. This project develops an augmented reality RPG game where the cards are the markers, this approach differs from others where black and white markers are used for both the board and summoned cards. From the validation, players found this approach helpful as it provide information related to the creatures and spells for better strategy planning.

Augmented reality RPG card-based game

This work presents an approach to detect the emotional state of users immersed in a virtual environment by involving them in an activity to relieve their emotional response. Likewise, the main aspect is to identify the current emotional state by monitoring a set of biometrics, the principal activity involves a signal based analysis of emotional processing in order to validate the height interpretations.

Fear levels in virtual environments, an approach to detection and experimental user stimuli sensation

Panoramic immersive video is a new technology, which allows the user to interact with a video beyond simple production line, because it enables the possibility to navigate in the scene from different points of view. Although many devices for the production of panoramic videos have been proposed, these are still expensive.In this paper a framework for production of virtual panoramic immersive videos using 3D production software is presented. The framework is composed by two stages: panoramic video production and immersive visualization. In the former stage the traditional 3D scene is taken as input and two outputs are generated, the panoramic video and path sounds to immersive audio reproduction. In the latter, a desktop CAVE assembly is proposed in order to provide an immersive display.

PANORAMIC IMMERSIVE VIDEOS - 3D Production and Visualization Framework

The purpose of this paper consists of a co-design assistive technology to problem-solving capabilities and difficulties for people with disabilities of technology use through a value elicitation from person-user and interdisciplinary participants. Methods conducted semi-structured value-oriented interviews with five participants (medicine, design and engineering disciplines, a person-user with disability and a classmate friend) and an extended interview for a person-user from personal experience. Data were analyzed by conventional content analysis. As a result, assistive technology enhances a person-user with motor impairment disability capability with prototype orthosis to improve a professional activity. A value elicitation from prototype orthosis is designed by an interdisciplinary group with positive responses based on reactivating a non-dominant hand to complement the computer use. The conclusion presents how technology extends a biopsychosocial approach based on value-sensitive design, including value interdisciplinary sense-making.

Interdisciplinary Co-Design Process of Assistive Technology in Value Elicitation

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