Part 1 Basic principles: the effect of climate maintenance of health - preventive medicine and the role of epidemiology, types of production loss due to ill health, the causes, nature and control of disease, disease caused by worms - arthropods and disease nutrition and feeding - food components, evaluation of food, types of feed available reproduction and breeding - the reproductive cycle, the basis of inheritance, breeding livestock for tropical environments. Part 2 Husbandry: cattle - numbers, distribution, types of tropical cattle, production systems in the tropics, the planning and development of beef enterprises, the planning and equipping of dairy farms, estimation of body and carcase weight, dentition of cattle as an indication of age buffalo - origin, distribution, breeds and breeding, adaptability, growth, nutrition, production, common diseases of buffalo sheep - origin, numbers and distribution, breeds, reproductive behaviour, feeding and management, diseases and parasites, productivity goats - origin and classification, population and distribution, breeds and breeding, systems of management, rearing, feeding, diseases and parasites, potential production camels - origin, numberss and distriubtion, breeds, some anatomical and physiological characteristics, reproductive behaviour, feeds and feeding, health, management, productivity llamoids of new world camelidae - llama, alpaca, guanaco and vicuna - origin, numbers and distribution, reproductive behaviour, nutritional characteristics, management, disease, productivity the donkeys - origin, numbers and distribution, morphology and anatomy, physiology of adaptation, reprodution and breeding, types and breeds, nutrition and feeding, diseases and parasites, management game animals - reasons for preservation of wild game, tropical regions where game could be an economic asset, methods of using wild game for meat production, wild game products, pigs - the worldwide distribution of pigs, origin of domestic pigs, major breeds used in the tropics, selection of breeding pigs, reproductive behaviour, feeds and feeding, health and management, domesticated birds - domestic fowl, ducks, geese, turkeys, peafowl, Japanese quail, guinea fowl, ostrich, pigeons, marketing of poultry. Part 3 Animal products: milk and milk products - production and consumption, the role of milk in improving nutrition, milk composition and properties, quality, organizing milk collection and sales, milk processing, tropical milk products meat and carcass by-products - animal growth, ante mortem management and inspection, slaughtering and carcass, dressing, meat hygiene, by-products animal fibres - typtes, histology and physiology, harvesting and classification, problems with fibre production.

An introduction to animal husbandry in the tropics. With a foreword by R. S. Marshall.

The present work was undertaken to study the reproductive performance of anoestrus buffaloes following urea molasses multinutrient block (UMMB) supplementary feeding and, the effect of UMMB pre-supplementation on therapeutic efficacy of hormonal treatment. Anoestrus buffaloes (30) were supplemented with UMMB for 30 days and 10 anoestrus buffaloes were kept as unsupplemented control. During experimental period of UMMB supplementation 40% buffaloes (12/30) exhibited behavioural oestrus compared to 10% (1/10) in control. On day 31, ten supplemented and 9 unsupplemented buffaloes which were still anoestrus were treated with 3 intramuscular injections of 750mg hydroxyprogesterone at 72 hr interval followed by 750 IU PMSG intramuscularly on the last day of progesterone treatment. Progesterone-PMSG treatment induced oestrus between 72-96 hr in 80% of the UMMB supplemented buffaloes compared to 67% in supplemented control. The temporary decline in milk yield following the progesterone-PMSG treatment occurred in all buffaloes that experienced oestrus but it was lower (18%) in UMMB supplemented buffaloes than that in unsupplemented (40%) control. Overall pregnancy rate in buffaloes induced to oestrus with UMMB supplementation were 88%. However, none of the buffaloes induced to oestrus with PMSG conceived on induced oestrus but they exhibited regular ovarian cyclicity thereafter, and conceived on successive second or third oestrus. The overall conception rate was 87% with 2.4 services/conception in upplemented group (UMMB+PMSG) and 83% with 2.6 services/conception in nsupplemented (only PMSG) control. From the study it was concluded that a 30 day-UMMB supplementation induced oestrus in 40% summer anoestrus buffaloes and improved the oestrus response of buffaloes to progesterone-PMSG treatment in inducing oestrus and reduced the milk losses, which occurred as sequel to hormonal treatment by improving the nutritional status of buffaloes.

Effect of urea molasses muItinutrient blocks (UMMB) supplementary feeding on therapeutic efficacy of hormonal treatment in anoestrus buffaloes

Il existe 2 types de buffles domestiques (Bubalus bubalis), le type de riviere a aptitudes laitieres ou mixtes et le type de marais, adapte au travail. L'appareil genital mâle et femelle est caracterise par une taille des organes plus petite que chez les bovins et par quelques particularites. Certaines caracteristiques physiologiques sont differentes selon le type de buffle: par exemple la duree de gestation (307 vrs 330 jours). Dans les 2 types, les chaleurs sont assez longues (12-18 a 24-30 h) mais peu intenses, difficiles a detecter. La reproduction est possible toute l'annee, mais avec des variations saisonnieres liees a la photoperiode et a la temperature. Les performances de reproduction naturelle sont souvent assez mauvaises: mise a la reproduction tardive, anoestrus postpartum et intervalles entre velages longs (moyenne 36 mois), fecondite parfois peu elevee (50 a 80%). L'insemination artificielle est souvent pratiquee. Les resultats sont moyens (conception 50-60%) avec de la semence refrigeree, encore moins bons avec de la semence congelee (25 a 45%). Des ameliorations restent possibles notamment par le biais de l'alimentation. (Resume d'auteur)

La reproduction du buffle domestique ou buffle d'Asie (Bubalus bubalis) : Note bibliographique

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La reproduction du buffle domestique ou buffle d'Asie (Bubalus bubalis) : Note bibliographique