Abstract Purpose of Review Global warming and pollution are among the five major causes of global biodiversity loss, particularly in aquatic invertebrates which are highly diverse but understudied. In this review, we highlight advancements in current environmental studies investigating the interactive effects between warming and contaminants in freshwater and marine invertebrates. We not only focused on temperate regions but also synthesized information on the less studied Arctic/Antarctic and tropical regions. Recent Findings In general, the same combination of warming and contaminants may result in either additive or non-additive interactive effects depending on taxa, the response variable, life stage, genotype, exposure level, duration and order of exposure, and the number of exposed generations. For traditional contaminants such as metals and pesticides, combined effects with warming at the individual level were generally synergistic. Growing evidence suggests that multigenerational exposure can shift the interaction between warming and contaminants toward antagonism, while contemporary evolution may change the interaction type. Summary Our synthesis highlights the importance of temporal aspects in shaping interaction type, including order of exposure, ontogenetic effects, transgenerational effects, and evolution. The combination of laboratory experiments (to advance mechanistic understanding) and outdoor mesocosm studies or field observations (to increase realism) is needed to obtain comprehensive assessments of interactive effects of warming and pollutants from genes to ecosystems. 

/pdf/interactive-effects-of-warming-and-pollutants-on-marine-and-22fac7ki.pdf

Interactive Effects of Warming and Pollutants on Marine and Freshwater Invertebrates

The abundance of microplastic pollution along the Jajroud river of Tehran: Estimating the water quality index and the ecological risk

Microplastics (MPs) in natural environment are derived from various discharge processes and undergo a series of aging that is influenced by different factors. This paper first described the sources of MPs in the environment. Main sources include sewage treatment plants, etc. Then, the aging processes and mechanisms of MPs were discussed, including mechanical fragmentation, photoaging, thermal aging and biodegradation. Finally, the critical factors for affecting the aging of MPs were outlined, mainly including the physicochemical property of MPs (e.g., particle size, chemical) and environmental factors (e.g., oxygen, temperature). Non-biodegradable MPs (e.g., polystyrene, polyurethane) exhibited a lower photoaging rate with inferior fragmentation than biodegradable ones (e.g., polyhydroxyalkanoates, polycaprolactone). Overall, this review systematically expounds on the occurrence of MPs and the impact of environmental factors on their aging process, which provides insight into the effective treatment of MP pollution in the future. 

A systematic review on the aging of microplastics and the effects of typical factors in various environmental media

The quantity of plastic materials produced worldwide is progressively increasing. For instance, annual global plastic production has increased from 1.5 to 390.7 million metric tons from 1950 to 2021. Meanwhile, inefficient management strategies have resulted in huge plastic waste disposal (i.e., in the form of macro-, micro-, and nanoplastics) in the environment in a hostile manner. In particular, such uncontrollable waste discarding paves the entrance of plastic pollution into the environment as microplastics (μPs) after the degradation of macroplastics. In this respect, marine environments are the most typical regions prone to μP pollution. These ubiquitous emerging pollutants can also adsorb other pollutants, such as organic materials, toxic heavy metal ions, and pathogens, from the environment and transfer them into living organisms. The main theme of the present study is to compile information on how μP pollution affects the marine ecosystem, with a particular emphasis on the following key factors: (i) the types and sources of μPs, particularly those entering the marine sinks; (ii) the mechanisms leading to μPs' degradation; (iii) the poisonous effects of μPs on marine biota and humans; (iv) the fate of μPs in the marine environment, including their transportation routes and deposition modes, and (v) recent developments in the characterization, separation, and removal of μPs from the marine environment. The information presented here would be practical for developing effective μPs' risk management plans. 

Microplastic pollution in the marine environment: A review

Microplastics in the Marine Environment

The emerging issue of microplastics in marine environment: A bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2020.

Distribution and potential risk of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) subjected to land function: A case of coastal water source area, China.

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The emerging issue of microplastics in marine environment: A bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2020.

Distribution and potential risk of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) subjected to land function: A case of coastal water source area, China.