The principal objective of this study was to estimate the availability of morphological data on the basis of the guidelines of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) with regard to the identification of the rose germplasm The correlation of morphological traits and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker data among 44 rose cultivars was assessed via a mantel test Thirty eight phenotypes were employed for morphological analysis Sixteenprimers were utilized for RAPD analysis, and these generated 225 polymorphic bands The dendrogram based on the RAPD markersgrouped 44 rose cultivars according to their horticultural types No significant correlation was observed between the morphological and RAPD marker data We concluded that current UPOV traits could not be applied to studygenetic variation Further studies onmorphological traits are required for the analysis of genetic variation among cultivars

Application of UPOV Data for the Analysis of Genetic Variation in Rose Cultivars

Fifty-nine accessions of 23 species in genus Rosa were collected, and 15 accessions of Rosa rugosa were collected throughout 10 regions of Korea. Their genetic relationship was investigated by using morphological analysis and RAPD marker. The morphological analysis was measured for 7 quantitative and quantified for 4 qualitative traits. RAPD analysis obtained a total of 959 polymorphic bands by using twenty primers. Morphological analysis classified most according to the rose section system except for several species. The cluster analysis of genus Rosa based on RAPD data could identify the subgenus Platyrhodon and Eurosa. The subgenus Eurosa separated five sections; Gallicanae, Cinnamomeae, Pimpinellifolia, Synstylae, and Caninae. Correlation analysis between morphological and RAPD analysis showed low significance (r = 0.35). The accessions of R. rugosa belonged to the section Cinnamomeae clustered into three groups at genetic distance ranging from 0.28 on the base of RAPD analysis. In conclusion, the genetic relationship of the genus Rosa was consistent to the previously reported rose section system, and domestic collections of R. rugosa were separated from 3 groups on the base of RAPD marker.

Genetic Relationship of Genus Rosa Germplasm and Genetic Diversity of Rosa rugosa in Korea

Cultivars in the species Rosa hybrida L. can be classified into five septet groups according to their karyotypes. The objective of this study was to confirm the measurement of the septets using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in various rose cultivars. Three species were comprised of four accessions, and 55 cultivars were subdivided into 37 standard and 18 miniature cultivars. The characteristics of the individual septets in three species were as follows: Rosa multiflora (WD1 and WD2) and R. indica (WD4) belonged to septet A and AA, respectively, and R. rugosa (WD3) belonged to septet C. Moreover, 55 rose cultivars were used in order to assess the contribution of the septets. Nineteen RAPD primers were used for an analysis. As a result of the dendrogram obtained from a cluster analysis, three different rose species were clearly allocated in accordance with their septets. Two accessions of R. multiflora (WD1 and WD2) were grouped together. In this study, the septet concept applied to identify the genetic variations of rose cultivars in more detail. Consequently, RAPD was a reasonable tool for the analysis of genetic backgrounds in rose cultivars.

Application of the septet classification system on rose cultivars

Twenty three genotypes of rose were characterized morphologically to study the genetic diversity. Sixteen morphological traits were evaluated. Jaccard‟s pair wise similarity coefficient was used to determine genetic diversity and relationship of rose species. R. damascena (Rani Sahiba) and R. moschata showed maximum diversity with coefficient index of 0.15. R. hybrida and R. bourboniana showed the maximum similarity with similarity coefficient of 0.93. The hierarchial cluster analysis identified four major clusters grouped at similarity coefficient 1.48 and Dr. Huey was found to be independent from rest of the genotypes. Dr. Huey is the only genotype exhibiting thornlessness. R. bourboniana and R. hybrida were almost 100% similar followed by Kakinada rose and R. damascena (Himroz). There was a significant diversity in the species R. damascena. Kakinada rose has shown similarity with Himroz of R. damascena and R. bourboniana. Principal component analysis showed high degree of variation among the analyzed species indicating genetic diversity that can be used in future breeding programmes.

Morphological and molecular characterization of rose species

This study was conducted to select random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers for showing reliable polymorphism in roses The rose genomic DNA concentration for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was from 1 to 20 ng and annealing temperature was from 35 to 40℃ Taq polymerase concentration was efficient in 10 unit Band patterns were distinguishable in 155 primers out of 191 primers and the 100 primers were reproducible Twenty primers were selected with distinguishable and over 80% reproducible polymorphism on agarose gel This study will support Korean rose breeding program and the fingerprints obtained in this study were uploaded on the internet site; http://hanthjnuackr

Selection of RAPD primers for efficient fingerprinting in roses.

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Selection of RAPD primers for efficient fingerprinting in roses.