In this Review, we aim to provide an updated summary of the research related to hollow micro- and nanostructures, covering both their synthesis and their applications. After a brief introduction to the definition and classification of the hollow micro-/nanostructures, we discuss various synthetic strategies that can be grouped into three major categories, including hard templating, soft templating, and self-templating synthesis. For both hard and soft templating strategies, we focus on how different types of templates are generated and then used for creating hollow structures. At the end of each section, the structural and morphological control over the product is discussed. For the self-templating strategy, we survey a number of unconventional synthetic methods, such as surface-protected etching, Ostwald ripening, the Kirkendall effect, and galvanic replacement. We then discuss the unique properties and niche applications of the hollow structures in diverse fields, including micro-/nanocontainers and rea...

Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Hollow Micro-/Nanostructures

Yolk/shell nanoparticles: new platforms for nanoreactors, drug delivery and lithium-ion batteries.

Self-templated synthesis of hollow nanostructures

Probing the Optical Property and Electronic Structure of TiO2 Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy Applications

Probing liquid/solid interfaces at the molecular level.

A simple, mild, and effective self-templated approach has been developed to directly convert solid SiO2 microspheres into hollow structures. The reaction involves initial partial dissolution of silica cores in a NaBH4 solution and subsequent shell formation due to the redeposition of the silicate species back onto the colloid surfaces. The increasing concentration of NaBO2 as the result of the slow decomposition of NaBH4 in water is found to be responsible for the regrowth of the silica shell. This method allows the production of hollow silica spheres with sizes ranging from ∼70 nanometers to several micrometers, largely determined by the size of the starting silica colloids. The solid-to-hollow transformation mechanism is investigated in detail by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), N2 adsorption−desorption, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). We also study the reaction conditions that al...

A Self-Templated Route to Hollow Silica Microspheres

The electronic structure of cobalt nanocrystals suspended in liquid as a function of size has been investigated using in-situ x-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy. A sharp absorption peak associated with the ligand molecules is found that increases in intensity upon reducing the nanocrystal size. X-ray Raman features due to d-d and to charge-transfer excitations of ligand molecules are identified. The study reveals the local symmetry of the surface of {var_epsilon}-Co phase nanocrystals, which originates from a dynamic interaction between Co nanocrystals and surfactant + solvent molecules.

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Electronic Structure of Cobalt Nanocrystals Suspended in Liquid

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List of publications 1. Peer-reviewed articles

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A Self-Templated Route to Hollow Silica Microspheres

Electronic Structure of Cobalt Nanocrystals Suspended in Liquid

List of publications 1. Peer-reviewed articles