Application, mechanism and prospects of Fe-based/ Fe-biochar catalysts in heterogenous ozonation process: A review.

organo-montmorillonite-supported nanoscale zero-valent 铁材料(M-NZVI ) 被综合降级 decabromodiphenyl 醚(BDE-209 ) 。结果证明 nanoscale zero-valent 铁在 organo-montmorillonite 上有好分散并且与在 3090 nm 之间的 nanoscale 铁的一个粒子尺寸范围表现为核心壳结构，由 XRD， SEM， TEM， XRF， ICP-AES，和 XPS 描绘了。由 M-NZVI 的 BDE-209 的降级的结果证明在移开 BDE-209 的 M-NZVI 的效率比 NZVI 的高得多。当 pH 和反应答案的起始的溶解的氧内容增加了，在移开 BDE-209 的 M-NZVI 的效率减少了，但是当在反应答案的水的比例增加了，增加了。

Debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether by organo-montmorillonite- supported nanoscale zero-valent iron： Preparation, characterization and influence factors

Sediment organic carbon dominates the heteroaggregation of suspended sediment and nanoplastics in natural and surfactant-polluted aquatic environments.

Sulfidated nanoscale zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) has been extensively studied for the reductive removal of Cr(VI), but its applicability is limited by agglomeration and unexpected efficiency reduction. In this study, chitin microsphere supported sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI@Chi-M) was prepared by in-situ one-step reduction method and used to remove Cr(VI) from water. Compared to chitin and chitosan powder, Chi-M with nanofibrous structure and large surface area performed best in stabilizing S-nZVI with a Fe0 loading content of 3.01 wt%. The S-nZVI particles were homogeneously distributed on the surface of Chi-M, effectively avoiding agglomeration. Compared with bare nanoparticles and supported nZVI, S-nZVI@Chi-M showed significantly enhanced Cr(VI) removal capacity (924.5 mg Cr(VI) for per gram of effective Fe0). The influences of sulfidation degree, dosages, initial Cr(VI) concentration, pH, DO, humic acid and typical ions on Cr(VI) removal kinetics were further studied. S-nZVI@Chi-M could be recycled for at least 4 times with acceptable reactivity. The mechanism investigation results indicated that the Cr(VI) removal was a complex process of reduction, adsorption and co-precipitation under the synergistic effect of Chi-M and S-nZVI. This work provides new ideas for the continuous fabrication of highly reactive nanoparticles, hopefully expanding the application scope of biomass resources in pollution remediation. 

Fabrication of Chitin microspheres supported sulfidated nano zerovalent iron and their performance in Cr (VI) removal

We discuss colloidal-suspension-nano transport in porous media with particle detachment and further capture by the matrix. Previous works formulate particle-scale detachment conditions and porous-media-scale transport equations with empirical coefficients, which are determined from flow tests and cannot be predicted from the particle scale. The present work derives the upscaling technique by stochastic distribution of torque and force balances on the attached particle, yielding a macro-scale equation for detachment. The upscaled detachment equation has the form of the maximum retained concentration of attached particles as a function of velocity, pH, salinity, and temperature of the carrier fluid. The upscaling procedure allows for direct calculations of the maximum retention function (MRF) from micro-scale parameters. The sensitivity analysis shows that MRF is most sensitive to the particle aspect ratio and pore size, while it is less sensitive to the standard deviations of the lever-arm ratio and particle size distributions. The exact solution for 1D flow problem is used to determine the MRF from laboratory tests and matches it with the stochastic microscale model for detachment. The high match obtained for four colloidal coreflood experiments validates the stochastic model and upscaling procedure. 

Colloidal detachment in porous media: Stochastic model and upscaling

New wheel-shaped Ln6 clusters for conversion of CO2 and magnetic properties

This study conducted saturated column experiments to systematically investigate deposition of 1 μm positively charged polystyrene latex micro-colloids (representing microplastic particles) on negatively charged rough sand, glass beads, and soil with pore water velocities (PWV) from 4.9 × 10-5 to 8.8 × 10-4 m/s. A critical value of PWV was found below which colloidal attachment efficiency (AE) increased with increasing PWV. The increase in AE with PWV was attributed to enhanced delivery of the colloids and subsequent attachment at concave locations of rough collector surfaces. The AE decreased with further increasing PWV beyond the threshold because the convex sites became unavailable for colloid attachment. By simulating the rough surfaces using the Weierstrass-Mandelbrot equation, the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) interaction energy calculations and torque analysis revealed that the adhesive torques could be reduced to be comparable or smaller than hydrodynamic torques even under the favorable conditions. Interestingly, scanning electron microscopic experiments showed that blocking occurred at convex sites at all ionic strengths (ISs) (e.g., even when the colloid-colloid interaction was attractive), whereas at concave sites, blocking and ripening (i.e., attached colloids favor subsequent attachment) occurred at low and high ISs, respectively. To our knowledge, our work was the first to show coexistence of blocking and ripening at high ISs due to variation of the collector surface morphology.

Important Role of Concave Surfaces in Deposition of Colloids under Favorable Conditions as Revealed by Microscale Visualization.

Nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) has shown great promise for water treatment and soil remediation. However, the rapid aggregation of nZVIs significantly affects their mobility and reactivity, which considerably limits the practical applications. Montmorillonite- (Mt-) supported nZVI (Mt-nZVI) has received increasing attention for the past decade because it can prevent the aggregation of nZVI and incorporate the advantages of both nZVI and Mt in soil and water treatment. This work thus had a comprehensive review on the use of Mt-nZVI for soil and water treatment. We first summarized existing methods used to prepare Mt-nZVI, indicating the advantages of using Mt to support nZVI (e.g., increase of the dispersion and mobility of nZVI, reduction of the size and oxidation tendency of nZVI). We then presented the reaction mechanisms of Mt-nZVI for contaminant removal and evaluated the critical factors that influence the removal (e.g., pH, temperature, and dosage of the adsorbent). We further presented examples of applications of Mt-nZVI for the removal of typical contaminants such as heavy metals and organic compounds in soil and water. We finally discussed the limitations of the use of Mt-nZVI for water treatment and soil remediation and presented future directions for the application of nZVI technology for soil and water treatment.

/pdf/a-review-on-montmorillonite-supported-nanoscale-zerovalent-4s2hgvjyat.pdf

A Review on Montmorillonite-Supported Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron for Contaminant Removal from Water and Soil

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New wheel-shaped Ln6 clusters for conversion of CO2 and magnetic properties

Important Role of Concave Surfaces in Deposition of Colloids under Favorable Conditions as Revealed by Microscale Visualization.

A Review on Montmorillonite-Supported Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron for Contaminant Removal from Water and Soil