2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Review of Anisotropic 2D Materials: Controlled Growth, Optical Anisotropy Modulation, and Photonic Applications

Abstract MXene are a class of metal carbide and metal nitride materials with a two-dimensional layered structure. MXene Ti3C2Tx has the characteristics of good metal conductivity and adjustable chemical composition, which has attracted the attention of scientists. Recently, Mxene have shown strong nonlinear photonics and optoelectronic effect, which can be used to generate ultrashort pulsed laser. However, soliton molecules pulse in laser cavity based on Mxene have not been reported at present. In this article, MXene have been characterized systematically, and the nonlinear optical characters were measured. In addition, we combined MXene with taper fiber to make a saturable absorber device for an erbium-doped fiber laser. The modulation depth and saturation absorption intensity of MXene are 10.3% and 197.5 MW/cm2, respectively. Thanks to the outstanding character of MXene, a three-order soliton molecules pulse were generated in laser cavity. The center wavelength, pulse interval and spectral modulation period of soliton molecules are 1529.4 nm, 15.5 ps and 0.5 nm, respectively. The above experimental results show that MXene have broad application prospects in the fields of optical fiber communication, laser material processing and high-resolution optics.

/pdf/mxene-two-dimensional-inorganic-compounds-for-generation-of-3nzt9nd97l.pdf

MXene: two dimensional inorganic compounds, for generation of bound state soliton pulses in nonlinear optical system

Stannic sulfide (SnS2), a latterly developed two-dimensional (2D) material, has fascinated scientists because it can be widely applied to materials chemistry, biomedicine, photocatalysis, and so on...

SnS2 Nanosheets for Er-Doped Fiber Lasers

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) become more attractive upon addition of a third element owing to their unique structure and remarkable physical and chemical properties, which endow these materials with considerable potential for applications in nanoscale devices. In this work, a RexNb(1-x)S2-based saturable absorber (SA) device for ultrafast photonics applications is studied. The device is assembled by placing RexNb(1-x)S2 nanosheets with a thickness of 1-3 nm onto a microfiber to increase their compatibility with an all-fiber laser cavity. The prepared RexNb(1-x)S2-based device exhibits a modulation depth of 24.3%, a saturation intensity of 10.1 MW/cm2, and a nonsaturable loss of 28.5%. Furthermore, the RexNb(1-x)S2-based device is used to generate ultrashort pulses in an erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser cavity. At a pump power of 260 mW, the EDF laser operates in a conventional soliton mode-locked region. The pulse width is 285 fs, and the repetition frequency is 61.993 MHz. In particular, the bound-state soliton mode-locking operation is successfully obtained in a pump power range of 300-900 mW. The bound-state pulses are formed by doubling identical solitons with a temporal interval of 0.8 ps. The output power is as high as 47.9 mW, and the repetition frequency is 123.61 MHz. These results indicate that the proposed RexNb(1-x)S2-based SAs have comparable properties to currently used 2D SAs and provide a basis for their application in the field of ultrafast photonics.

Ultrafast Photonics of Ternary Re x Nb (1- x) S 2 in Fiber Lasers

We report Q-switched and mode-locked erbium-doped all-fiber lasers using ternary ReS2(1−x)Se2x as saturable absorbers (SAs). The modulation depth and saturable intensity of the film SA are 1.8% and 0.046  MW/cm2. In Q-switched mechanism output, the pulse was centered at 1531.1 nm with maximum pulse energy and minimum pulse width of 28.29 nJ and 1.07 μs, respectively. In mode-locked operation, the pulse was centered at 1561.15 nm with pulse width of 888 fs, repetition rate of 2.95 MHz, and maximum pulse energy of 0.275 nJ. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the mode-locked Er3+-doped fiber laser using ternary transition metal dichalcogenides. This work suggests prospective 2D-material SAs can be widely used in versatile fields due to their attractive optoelectronic and tunable energy bandgap properties.

Ternary ReS 2(1- x ) Se 2 x alloy saturable absorber for passively Q -switched and mode-locked erbium-doped all-fiber lasers

Bi-continuous Mg-Ti interpenetrating-phase composite as a partially degradable and bioactive implant material

In this work, we fabricate the Mo0.5W0.5S2 by microwave-assisted solvothermal method, and report the Q-switched Yb-doped fiber lasers (YDFL) using Mo0.5W0.5S2 polymer film and tapered fiber as the saturable absorbers (SAs). The modulation depth and saturable intensity of the film SA are 5.63% and 6.82 MW cm-2. The shortest pulse duration and the maximum single pulse energy are 1.22 μs and 148.8 nJ for the film SA, 1.46 μs and 339 nJ for the fiber-taper SA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the Q-switched YDFL using Mo0.5W0.5S2 SAs.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6528/aab5f2/pdf

Mo0.5W0.5S2 for Q-switched pulse generation in ytterbium-doped fiber laser.

A passively Q-switched Er-doped fiber laser based on a novel transition metal sulfide (TMDs) Mo0.5W0.5S2 absorber is reported for the first time. There are two different types of Mo0.5W0.5S2-based saturable absorbers (SAs) that achieve Q-switching operation, one of which is depositing the Mo0.5W0.5S2 on the surface of the tapered fiber, and the maximum single pulse energy of 172.91 nJ and minimum pulse width of 1.42 µs is obtained. While the other is transferring Mo0.5W0.5S2-PVA(polyvinyl alcohol: PVA) SA film onto a standard FC/APC fiber end face, the high single pulse energy of 246.5 nJ and the minimum pulse width is 1.92 μs is obtained, and the modulation depth of SAs detected by the twin-detector method is 15%. The experiment results show that Mo0.5W0.5S2 can be considered as a promising candidate for pulse fiber laser applications and other photoelectric devices.

High energy passively Q-switched Er-doped fiber laser based on Mo 0.5 W 0.5 S 2 saturable absorber

In this paper, we demonstrate excellent ultrafast optical performance of ternary transition metal dichalcogenide ReS1.02Se0.98 saturable absorber with high power tolerance and large modulation depth in thulium-doped fiber laser. Q-switching with tunable repetition frequency and pulse duration, and mode-locking with high pulse energy were generated in our experiment. The average output power/pulse energy/pulse duration of the mode-locked pulse train were 313 mW/13.6 nJ/1.43 ps, respectively.

Mode-locked Tm-doped fiber laser with large modulation depth ReS1.02Se0.98 nanosheet saturable absorber

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