A review of aluminum metal matrix composites: fabrication route, reinforcements, microstructural, mechanical, and corrosion properties

Different levels of Nb 2 O 5 substitution in 0.66(Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 )TiO 3 −0.06BaTiO 3 −0.28(Bi 0.2 Sr 0.7 )TiO 3 (BS- x Nb) lead-free relaxors were prepared to investigate the effect of chemical heterogeneity on the dielectric and impedance behaviors. X-ray diffraction reveals that the secondary phase gradually increases in number and intensity as the dopant increases. The substitution of less Nb 5+ for Ti 4+ leads to reduced electronic conductivity and dielectric loss, which is attributed to the inhibition of oxygen vacancies and associated electron. It is found that more valence electron defects are generated to cause charge leakage by introducing excess Nb 2 O 5 . Moreover, the addition of Nb 2 O 5 doping enhances the disorder and facilitates the transition of the nonergodic to ergodic relaxor phase. The ferroelectric ergodic long-range order is further disrupted and promotes the formation of local defect fields and high-temperature polar nanoregions. These effects enhance the relaxation behavior with decreased remnant polarization and form a broadly flat dielectric platform. Meanwhile, BS-2Nb exhibits attractively high recoverable energy storage density and efficiency at a relatively low electric field with stability against frequency and temperature. Combined with the complex impedance characteristics, the leakage contribution of the chemical inhomogeneity introduced by excess Nb 2 O 5 is presented, demonstrating the significance of regulating the dielectric performance of bismuth sodium titanate-based relaxors. 

Effect of Chemical Inhomogeneity on the Dielectric and Impedance Behaviors of Bismuth Sodium Titanate Based Relaxors

Bismuth sodium titanate (BNT)-based, lead-free piezoelectric materials have been extensively studied due to their excellent strain characteristics and environmental friendliness. In BNTs, the large strain (S) usually requires a relatively large electric field (E) excitation, resulting in a low inverse piezoelectric coefficient d33* (S/E). Moreover, the hysteresis and fatigue of strain in these materials have also been bottlenecks impeding the applications. The current common regulation method is chemical modification, which mainly focuses on forming a solid solution near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) by adjusting the phase transition temperature of the materials, such as BNT-BaTiO3, BNT-Bi0.5K0.5TiO3, etc., to obtain a large strain. Additionally, the strain regulation based on the defects introduced by the acceptor, donor, or equivalent dopant or the nonstoichiometry has proven effective, but its underlying mechanism is still ambiguous. In this paper, we review the generation of strain and then discuss it from the domain, volume, and boundary effect perspectives to understand the defect dipole behavior. The asymmetric effect caused by the coupling between defect dipole polarization and ferroelectric spontaneous polarization is expounded. Moreover, the defect effect on the conductive and fatigue properties of BNT-based solid solutions is described, which will affect the strain characteristics. The optimization approach is appropriately evaluated while there are still challenges in the full understanding of the defect dipoles and their strain output, in which further efforts are needed to achieve new breakthroughs in atomic-level insight.

/pdf/defect-dipole-behaviors-on-the-strain-performances-of-22w3bfvg.pdf

Defect Dipole Behaviors on the Strain Performances of Bismuth Sodium Titanate-Based Lead-Free Piezoceramics

Penetration resistance of Al2O3 ceramic-ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite armor: Experimental and Numerical Investigations

Enhanced ballistic resistance of SiC ceramic-fiber composite armor: an investigation of fiber laminate backing effects and fragmentation dynamics

Structure, impedance and conduction mechanisms of tape-casting (Bi0.44Nd0.01Sr0.02Ca0.02)Na0.5TiO2.965 ceramic film

Different metal matrix ceramic composite plates were manufactured using different diameter ceramic balls. The ballistic resistance of these composite plates were investigated by firing 12.7mm, 25mm armor-piercing incendiary (API), and 200 standard explosively formed projectile(EFP). The tests results showed that these ceramic balls with higher mechanical properties performed better ballistic resistance, in the meantime, there was a correlation between diameters of the ceramic balls with projectile caliber. The quality protection factor of composite plate using 2mm diameter ceramic ball against 12.7mm armor-piercing incendiary (API) is better than 2.2; The mass effectiveness factor of composite plate using 6mm diameter ceramic ball against 25 mm armor-piercing incendiary (API) is better than 1.7; The quality protection factor of composite plate using 6mm diameter ceramic ball against 200 standard explosively formed projectile(EFP) is better than 3.5.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/2478/11/112005/pdf

Study on ballistic performance of metal matrix ceramic ball composite

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Structure, impedance and conduction mechanisms of tape-casting (Bi0.44Nd0.01Sr0.02Ca0.02)Na0.5TiO2.965 ceramic film

Study on ballistic performance of metal matrix ceramic ball composite