Intrinsically conducting polymers (ICP) and conductive fillers incorporated conductive polymer-based composites (CPC) greatly facilitate the research in electromagnetic interference (EMI) s...

Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Polymers and Nanocomposites - A Review

Highly conductive and stretchable yarns have attracted increasing attention due to their potential applications in wearable electronics. The integration of conductive yarns with large stretching capability renders the composite yarns with new intriguing functions, such as monitoring human body motion and health. However, simultaneously endowing the yarns with high conductivity and stretchability using an easily scalable approach is still a challenge. Here, highly conductive and stretchable yarns based on electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) fiber yarns successively decorated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were prepared by a combined electrospinning, ultrasonication adsorbing, and bobbin winder technique. The improved thermal stability of the SWNT/MWNT/TPU yarn (SMTY) indicated strong interfacial interactions between the CNTs and electrospun TPU fibers. The synergism between the successively decorated SWNTs and MWNTs significantly enhanced the conductivity of the TPU yarns (up to 13 S cm−1). The as-fabricated yarns can be easily integrated into strain sensors and exhibit high stretchability with large workable strain range (100%) and good cyclic stability (2000 cycles). Moreover, such yarn can be attached to the human body or knitted into textiles to monitor joint motion, showing promising potential for wearable electronics, such as wearable strain sensors.

Continuously prepared highly conductive and stretchable SWNT/MWNT synergistically composited electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane yarns for wearable sensing

There is a growing demand for stretchable strain sensors because of their potential applications in various emerging fields, such as human motion detection, health monitoring, wearable electronics, and soft robotic skin. Recently, strain sensors based on flexible conductive polymer composites (FCPCs) composed of conductive materials and a stretchable elastomer have received intensive attention owing to their high stretchability, good flexibility, excellent durability, tunable strain sensing behaviors, and ease of processing. Here, we systematically summarize the recent progress of stretchable strain sensors based on FCPCs. This review covers the classification and sensing mechanisms as well as the influence of multiple factors on the sensing behaviors of FCPC based strain sensors with detailed examples.

An overview of stretchable strain sensors from conductive polymer nanocomposites

Silver nanoparticles/graphene oxide decorated carbon fiber synergistic reinforcement in epoxy-based composites

Piezoelectric materials and devices have drawn extensive attention for energy harvesting due to their excellent electromechanical conversion properties. With increasing concerns about environmental problems in traditional lead-based piezoelectric materials, it is imperative to develop lead-free piezoelectric alternatives. This paper is intended to give a brief review on the most recent advances in both inorganic (with an emphasis on piezoelectric ceramics and ZnO nanostructures) and organic (i.e. polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and its copolymers and their composites, and biopolymers) lead-free piezoelectric materials. State-of-the-art piezoelectric devices, namely, nanogenerators, sensors, and transducers, are also introduced with detailed examples. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of lead-free piezoelectric materials and devices are given.

An overview of lead-free piezoelectric materials and devices

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have remarkable electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties such as extremely high conductivity and Young’s modulus, which can efficiently improve the physical properties of polymers even at low CNT loadings.[1–4] Especially for electrical properties, the addition of a small amount of conductive CNTs to an insulating polymer matrix results in nanocomposites with highly enhanced electrical conductivity.[5] The critical content of CNTs that characterizing a drastic increase in conductivity is commonly termed as the electrical percolation threshold. When the CNTs content exceeds this electrical percolation threshold, the CNTs conductive pathway inside the poly mer matrix is formed. The electrical percolation threshold of most CNTs/polymer nanocomposites is much below 1 vol%.[6–9] The polymer nanocomposites with high electrical conductivity are of high demand for electromagnetic interference shielding, antistatic device, energy storage/conversion/saving, Electrical Insulation

Electrically Insulated Epoxy Nanocomposites Reinforced with Synergistic Core–Shell SiO2@MWCNTs and Montmorillonite Bifillers

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes have been widely used as mechanical reinforcement fillers for polymers during the past few decades. However, high electrical conductivity of raw multiwalled carbon nanotubes hampers their application in some fields demanding not only good mechanical properties and/or high thermal conductivity but also electrical insulation. In this research, carboxyl functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes and organically modified montmorillonite were introduced to prepare epoxy nanocomposites with anhydride as curing agent. The obtained epoxy nanocomposites possessed improved impact toughness, and the electrical insulation was maintained. Compared to the volume resistivity of the raw multiwalled carbon nanotubes (0.6 wt%)/epoxy nanocomposites, the volume resistivity of the organically modified montmorillonite/carboxyl functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (0.6 wt%)/epoxy nanocomposites increased more than four order of magnitude. These excellent properties were attributed to the syn...

Epoxy nanocomposites with carbon nanotubes and montmorillonite: Mechanical properties and electrical insulation

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Electrically Insulated Epoxy Nanocomposites Reinforced with Synergistic Core–Shell SiO2@MWCNTs and Montmorillonite Bifillers

Epoxy nanocomposites with carbon nanotubes and montmorillonite: Mechanical properties and electrical insulation