Circular RNAs (circRNAs), one type of non-coding RNA, were initially misinterpreted as nonfunctional products of pre-mRNA mis-splicing. Currently, circRNAs have been proven to manipulate the functions of diverse molecules, including non-coding RNAs, mRNAs, DNAs and proteins, to regulate cell activities in physiology and pathology. Accumulating evidence indicates that circRNAs play critical roles in tumor genesis, development, and sensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are two primary types of intervention for most cancers, but their therapeutic efficacies are usually retarded by intrinsic and acquired resistance. Thus, it is urgent to develop new strategies to improve therapeutic responses. To achieve this, clarification of the underlying mechanisms affecting therapeutic responses in cancer is needed. This review summarizes recent progress and mechanisms of circRNAs in cancer resistance to radiation and chemotherapy, and it discusses the limitations of available knowledge and potential future directions.

/pdf/functions-and-mechanisms-of-circular-rnas-in-cancer-3th6tp7595.pdf

Functions and mechanisms of circular RNAs in cancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance

Circular RNA (circRNA) is an intriguing class of RNA with covalently closed-loop structure and is highly stable and conservative. As new members of the ncRNAs, the function, mechanism, potential diagnostic biomarker, and therapeutic target have raised increased attention. Most circRNAs are presented with characteristics of abundance, stability, conservatism, and often exhibiting tissue/developmental-stage-specific manner. Over 30,000 circRNAs have been identified with their unique structures to maintain stability more easily than linear RNAs. An increased numbers of circRNAs are dysregulated and involved in several biological processes of malignance, such as tumorigenesis, growth, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and vascularization. Emerging evidence suggests that circRNAs play important roles by acting as miRNA sponge or protein scaffolding, autophagy regulators, and interacting with RNA-binding protein (RBP), which may potentially serve as a novel promising biomarker for prevention, diagnosis and therapeutic target for treatment of human cancer with great significance either in scientific research or clinic arena. This review introduces concept, major features of circRNAs, and mainly describes the major biological functions and clinical relevance of circRNAs, as well as expressions and regulatory mechanisms in various types of human cancer, including pathogenesis, mode of action, potential target, signaling regulatory pathways, drug resistance, and therapeutic biomarkers. All of which provide evidence for the potential utilities of circRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

/pdf/biological-roles-and-mechanisms-of-circular-rna-in-human-32o15bt9ns.pdf

Biological Roles and Mechanisms of Circular RNA in Human Cancers.

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel class of single-stranded RNAs with a closed loop structure. The majority of circRNAs are formed by a back-splicing process in pre-mRNA splicing. Their expression is dynamically regulated and shows spatiotemporal patterns among cell types, tissues and developmental stages. CircRNAs have important biological functions in many physiological processes, and their aberrant expression is implicated in many human diseases. Due to their high stability, circRNAs are becoming promising biomarkers in many human diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases and human cancers. In this review, we focus on the translational potential of using human blood circRNAs as liquid biopsy biomarkers for human diseases. We highlight their abundant expression, essential biological functions and significant correlations to human diseases in various components of peripheral blood, including whole blood, blood cells and extracellular vesicles. In addition, we summarize the current knowledge of blood circRNA biomarkers for disease diagnosis or prognosis.

/pdf/the-potential-of-using-blood-circular-rna-as-liquid-biopsy-58fkon671s.pdf

The potential of using blood circular RNA as liquid biopsy biomarker for human diseases

Targeted treatment, which can specifically kill tumour cells without affecting normal cells, is a new approach for tumour therapy. However, tumour cells tend to acquire resistance to targeted drugs during treatment. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are single-stranded RNA molecules with unique structures and important functions. With the development of RNA sequencing technology, circRNAs have been found to be widespread in tumour-resistant cells and to play important regulatory roles. In this review, we present the latest advances in circRNA research and summarize the various mechanisms underlying their regulation. Moreover, we review the role of circRNAs in the chemotherapeutic resistance of tumours and explore the clinical value of circRNA regulation in treating tumour resistance.

/pdf/circrnas-biogenesis-functions-and-role-in-drug-resistant-1kp340uwhq.pdf

CircRNAs: biogenesis, functions, and role in drug-resistant Tumours.

Early-stage detection of leukemia is a critical determinant for successful treatment of the disease and can increase the survival rate of leukemia patients. The factors limiting the current screening approaches to leukemia include low sensitivity and specificity, high costs, and a low participation rate. An approach based on novel and innovative biomarkers with high accuracy from peripheral blood offers a comfortable and appealing alternative to patients, potentially leading to a higher participation rate. Recently, non-coding RNAs due to their involvement in vital oncogenic processes such as differentiation, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and apoptosis have attracted much attention as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in leukemia. Emerging lines of evidence have shown that the mutational spectrum and dysregulated expression of non-coding RNA genes are closely associated with the development and progression of various cancers, including leukemia. In this review, we highlight the expression and functional roles of different types of non-coding RNAs in leukemia and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

/pdf/role-of-non-coding-rna-networks-in-leukemia-progression-140x8xo25g.pdf

Role of non-coding RNA networks in leukemia progression, metastasis and drug resistance

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults, which is aggressive cancer. CircRNAs are abundantly expressed in the hematologic malignancy cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression profiling of circRNAs in AML. We performed circRNA-sequencing to identify differentially expressed circRNAs in bone marrow samples from AML patients and iron-deficiency anemia (control). Furthermore, we found that circ_0009910 was significantly upregulated in AML patients compared with iron-deficiency anemia patients. High circ_0009910 expression predicted a poor risk and outcome of AML patients. Further experiments in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that knockdown of circ_0009910 inhibited AML cell proliferation and induced apoptosis through sponging miR-20a-5p. Our findings firstly identify that circ_0009910 is significantly upregulated in AML bone marrow samples and might serve as a novel outcome biomarker for AML. Both circ_0009910 and miR-20a-5p may be potential therapeutic targets for future AML treatment.

Silencing of circ_0009910 inhibits acute myeloid leukemia cell growth through increasing miR-20a-5p.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a rare clonal myeloproliferative malignancy, which is caused by a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 t(9;22) (q34;q11). Altered circle RNAs (circRNAs) could contribute to leukemogenesis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression profiling of circRNAs in CML. We performed circRNA-sequencing to identify differentially expressed circRNAs in CML cells. Furthermore, we found that circ_100053 was significantly upregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and serum samples from CML compared with healthy controls. CircRNA_100053 expression was associated with clinical stage (p=0.037) and BCR/ABL mutant status (p=0.008). High circ_100053 expression predicted a poor outcome of CML patients and imatinib resistance, suggesting the putative role of circ_100053 as an CML biomarker. Our findings provide insights on circRNAs expression in the development and treatment of CML.

High circ_100053 predicts a poor outcome for chronic myeloid leukemia and is involved in imatinib resistance.

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Chen Jian-Jun

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Silencing of circ_0009910 inhibits acute myeloid leukemia cell growth through increasing miR-20a-5p.

High circ_100053 predicts a poor outcome for chronic myeloid leukemia and is involved in imatinib resistance.