Nanomaterials-based photothermal therapy and its potentials in antibacterial treatment.

Nanomaterials and nanotechnologies have been expected to provide innovative platforms for addressing antibacterial challenges, with potential to even deal with bacterial infections involving drug-resistance. The current review summarizes recent progress over the last 3 years in the field of antibacterial nanomaterials with a photothermal conversion effect. We classify these photothermal nanomaterials into four functional categories: carbon-based nanoconjugates of graphene derivatives or carbon nanotubes, noble metal nanomaterials mainly from gold and silver, metallic compound nanocomposites such as copper sulfide and molybdenum sulfide, and polymeric as well as other nanostructures. Different categories can be assembled with each other to enhance the photothermal effects and the antibacterial activities. The review describes their fabrication processes, unique properties, antibacterial modes, and potential healthcare applications.

Nanomaterials with a photothermal effect for antibacterial activities: an overview

Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have garnered significant interest as a promising analytical platform in the past decade. Compared with traditional microfluidics, μPADs present unique advantages, such as easy fabrication using established patterning methods, economical cost, ability to drive and manipulate flow without equipment, and capability of storing reagents for various applications. This Review aims to provide a comprehensive review of the field, highlighting fabrication methods available to date with their respective advantages and drawbacks, device designs and modifications to accommodate different assay needs, detection strategies, and the growing applications of μPADs. Finally, we discuss how the field needs to continue moving forward to realize its full potential.

Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices: From Design to Applications.

Natural Polymer-Based Antimicrobial Hydrogels without Synthetic Antibiotics as Wound Dressings

Novel approaches for colorimetric measurements in analytical chemistry - A review

Polyanilines are conjugated polymers that exhibit dynamic optical and electrical properties upon pH change. In this study, we constructed two different types of polyaniline/polyethylene glycol (PANI/PEG) composite arrays via simple PEG photolithography: (1) positional PANI/PEG array films and (2) non-positional PANI/PEG suspension arrays. The patterning process based on PEG photolithography allows the precise control of shapes and sizes in PANI/PEG composite arrays. Both positional/non-positional PANI/PEG composite arrays demonstrated reversible optical property changes accompanied by excellent colorimetric changes from deep blue to blue, cyan, and green in response to pH changes. Specifically, we used PANI/PEG composite arrays as a pH sensitive indicator to detect bacterial growth because of their colorimetric responses to pH changes. The PANI/PEG composite arrays exhibited distinct changes in the two absorption bands at 420 and 600 nm with a color change when exposed directly to Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth medium. We envision that the novel approach described here could provide a new insight into the design and construction of versatile optical, electrochemical, electronic sensors based on functional conjugated polymer/hydrogel composite materials.

pH-responsive polyaniline/polyethylene glycol composite arrays for colorimetric sensor application

https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:4f7b2cc/UQ4f7b2cc_OA.pdf

Antibacterial poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene-sulfonate)/agarose nanocomposite hydrogels with thermo-processability and self-healing.

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pH-responsive polyaniline/polyethylene glycol composite arrays for colorimetric sensor application

Antibacterial poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene-sulfonate)/agarose nanocomposite hydrogels with thermo-processability and self-healing.