In the realm of ultrafast laser technology, the exploration of two-dimensional materials as saturable absorbers (SA) has garnered significant research interest. Our research investigates the characteristics of SnTe thin films, a topological crystalline insulator material, as a potential saturable absorber for ultrafast lasers. Using the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technique, we analyze the films' morphology and composition through atomic force microscopy (AFM) and successfully deposit SnTe epilayers on Au(111)/mica substrates. Through the utilization of SnTe-SA, an erbium-doped fiber laser is fabricated, demonstrating a pulse output with a width of 276 fs and a center wavelength of 1560 nm, highlighting the potential of SnTe films in manufacturing ultrafast optical devices. Additionally, tightly bound solitons with a soliton interval of 1.01 ps are observed, contributing to the exploration of soliton nonlinear dynamics. 

Application of femtosecond mode-locked SnTe thin films and generation of bound state solitons

The 2 μm wavelength belongs to the eye-safe band and has a wide range of applications in the fields of lidar, biomedicine, and materials processing. With the rapid development of military, wind power, sensing, and other industries, new requirements for 2 μm solid-state laser light sources have emerged, especially in the field of lidar. This paper focuses on the research progress of 2 μm solid-state lasers for lidar over the past decade. The technology and performance of 2 μm pulsed single longitudinal mode solid-state lasers, 2 μm seed solid-state lasers, and 2 μm high power solid-state lasers are, respectively, summarized and analyzed. This paper also introduces the properties of gain media commonly used in the 2 μm band, the construction method of new bonded crystals, and the fabrication method of saturable absorbers. Finally, the future prospects of 2 μm solid-state lasers for lidar are presented. 

Development of a 2 μm Solid-State Laser for Lidar in the Past Decade

1.6 µm附近波段激光不仅属于人眼安全波段，而且处于大气传输窗口，不仅如此，高重频、大能量的1.6 µm附近波段激光还可携带高分辨率、大数据量的信息远距离传输。近年来随着晶体制备和镜片镀膜工艺的提高，通过直接泵浦增益介质和频率转换技术获得1.6 µm附近波段的激光在重复频率、能量和光束质量等方面都得到了很大进展。首先，介绍了直接泵浦掺Er3+晶体、受激拉曼频移和光参量振荡产生1.6 µm附近波段激光的原理和研究进展；其次，总结了三种方案在获得1.6 µm附近波段激光的优点和缺点；最后，分析了它们在获得高重频、大能量1.6 µm附近波段激光的应用前景。针对光参量振荡输出激光光束质量较差的问题，文中进行分析并给出相应解决方法，最后对通过光参量振荡获得较好光束质量、高重频、大能量1.6 µm附近波段激光的发展前景进行了展望。 

高重频大能量1.6 µm波段全固态激光的研究进展（特邀）

A review on laser-assisted manufacturing process of thermoset composites: A review of fundamentals, processes, scientific modelling, challenges and prospective

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), a highly engineered lightweight material with superior properties, is widely used in industrial fields, such as aerospace, automobile, and railway transportation, as well as medical implants and supercapacitor. This work presents an effective surface treatment method for the controllable fabrication of hydrophilic surface micro/nanostructures of CFRP through femtosecond laser processing. Selective removal of the epoxy resin and leaving the carbon fibers exposed are achieved when CFRP is weakly ablated by a femtosecond laser. The diameters and structures of the carbon fibers can be controlled by adjusting the laser processing parameters. Three-dimensional surface micro/nanostructures are processed when CFRP is strongly ablated by a femtosecond laser. Meanwhile, the transformation of the sp2 orbitals to sp3 orbitals of graphitic carbons of carbon fibers is induced by a femtosecond laser. Moreover, the investigation of surface roughness and wettability of femtosecond laser-processed CFRP indicates increased roughness and excellent hydrophilicity (a contact angle of 28.1°). This work reveals the effect of femtosecond laser processing on the regulation of the physicochemical properties of CFRP, which can be applicable to surface treatment and performance control of other fiber-resin composites. The excellent hydrophilicity will be conducive to the combination of CFRP with other materials or to reducing the friction resistance of CFRP used in medical implants.

Controllable Fabrication of Hydrophilic Surface Micro/Nanostructures of CFRP by Femtosecond Laser

Due to its exceptional advantages, such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, and good fatigue resistance, carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) is frequently utilized in aerospace, aviation, automotive, rail transportation, and other areas. Composite components typically need to be joined and integrated. In the equipment manufacturing industry, the most used methods for processing composite components are cutting, drilling, and surface treatment. The quality of CFRP is significantly impacted by traditional mechanical processing, causing flaws like delamination, burrs, and tears. Laser processing technology has emerged as a crucial method for processing CFRP for its high quality, non-contact, simple control, and automation features. The most recent research on the laser processing of CFRP is presented in this paper, supporting scientists and engineers who work in the field in using this unconventional manufacturing technique. This paper gives a general overview of the key features of laser processing technology and the numerous machining techniques available. The concepts and benefits of laser processing technology are discussed in terms of the material properties, mode of operation, and laser characteristics, as well as the methods to achieve high efficiency, low damage, and high precision. This paper reviews the research development of laser processing of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics, and a summary of the factors affecting the quality of CFRP laser processing. Therefore, the research content of this article can be used as a theoretical basis for reducing thermal damage and improving the processing quality of laser-processed composite materials, while, on this basis, we analyze the development trend of CFRP laser processing technology.

/pdf/development-of-laser-processing-carbon-fiber-reinforced-1bnohqgs.pdf

Development of Laser Processing Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic

In view of the advantages of 1.6‐μm laser, it has important applications in the fields of laser radar, industry, military, and optical communication. This paper mainly focuses on 1.6‐μm Er: YAG solid‐state‐laser for Laser Radar. The references about pulsed 1.6‐μm single‐longitudinal‐mode laser, continuous wave 1.6‐μm Er: YAG single‐longitudinal‐mode seed laser, and pulsed 1.6‐μm Er: YAG Q‐switched amplifier are collected and analyzed. The development status is introduced, the main problems are identified, and the future development direction is clarified. Maybe, this can provide a reference for other scholars.

Development of 1.6‐μm Er: YAG solid‐state laser for lidar

Research on adhesive bonding improvement based on flat-top UV picosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on CFRP

Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are widely used in lightweight aerospace, automotive, and wind-energy structures owing to their high specific strength and stiffness and durability. However, dissimilar bonding is highly sensitive to surface conditions: CFRP surfaces exhibit low surface energy and may retain mold-release agents, and conventional pretreatments have limitations in controlling and homogenizing surface topography and chemical activation, which undermines interfacial adhesion and reliability. This work presents a 355 nm flat-top picosecond-laser approach that integrates bioinspired hierarchical texturing with surface activation, enabling programmable construction of tree-frog–inspired “plateau-connected-groove” patterns and concomitantly enhancing surface polarity. Roughness and feature depth increase with fluence; the water contact angle decreases to 8.0°; and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates higher fractions of oxidized carbon species, while the Raman I_D/I_G ratio remains essentially unchanged. In AA7075/CFRP single-lap-shear tests, the lap-shear strength increases from 5.9 to 19.6 MPa at 5.8 J cm−2, accompanied by a transition from interfacial adhesive failure to fiber-dominated mixed failure. Mechanistically, at an appropriate fluence, hierarchical micro-/nanostructures, together with enhanced surface polarity, enable synergistic mechanical interlocking and chemical coupling; by contrast, excessive fluence can introduce voids and microcracks and promote partial Cassie wetting. The non-contact, programmable process is compatible with complex geometries and automation, providing a high-throughput surface-engineering route for durable joining in CFRP–Al lap joints and stiffeners in aircraft, bonds between CFRP skins and aluminum honeycomb/cores; mixed-material joints in automotive body structures, and wind-turbine blade root–insert interfaces.

Flat-top picosecond laser texturing of CFRP: Biomimetic hierarchy for tunable wettability and high-strength AA7075/CFRP bonding

The pulse laser using a saturable absorber as a passive device has the advantages of narrow pulse width, high repetition rate, and high pulse energy. Low‐dimensional materials have attracted research interest in recent years due to their excellent saturable absorption properties, ultra‐fast carrier response speed, high damage threshold, and so on. This paper gives a brief review of the state‐of‐the‐at 2 µm solid‐state lasers using saturable absorbers. The output performance of lasers in repetition rate, pulse energy, pulse width, and wavelength are summarized. The paper is expected to provide a development direction of novel materials as saturable absorbers in 2 µm solid‐state lasers.

Development of 2 μm all‐solid‐state pulsed laser using a saturable absorber

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Papers

Development of Laser Processing Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic

Development of 1.6‐μm Er: YAG solid‐state laser for lidar

Research on adhesive bonding improvement based on flat-top UV picosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on CFRP

Flat-top picosecond laser texturing of CFRP: Biomimetic hierarchy for tunable wettability and high-strength AA7075/CFRP bonding

Development of 2 μm all‐solid‐state pulsed laser using a saturable absorber