Introduction: Recent advances in diagnostic modalities and therapeutic agents have raised the importance of prognostic factors in predicting overall survival, as well as predictive factors for surg...

Prognostic and predictive factors on overall survival and surgical outcomes in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: recent advances and controversies

Molecular subtyping in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: New insights into clinical, pathological unmet needs and challenges.

Minichromosome maintenance-7 and geminin are reliable prognostic markers in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma : immunohistochemical study

Background The minichromosome maintenance (MCM) protein complex is important for DNA replication. Moreover, the expression of specific MCM complex components has been associated with the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, the expression and functional roles of minichromosome maintenance complex component 4 (MCM4) in HCC development and progression have not yet been explored. We analyzed the expression and clinical significance of MCM4, including its association with liver cancer patient survival. Methods Oncomine, UALCAN, and HCCDB (a database of HCC expression atlas) were used to characterize the expression of MCM4 in tumor and normal tissues. The expression of MCM4 at the protein level was confirmed based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) data obtained from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. The level of MCM4 was measured in tumor and adjacent normal tissues by RT-qPCR, western blot and IHC staining. The copy number alterations (CNAs) and mutations in MCM4 were analyzed by cBioPortal, whereas the co-expression genes of MCM4 in HCC were obtained from Oncomine, and used for gene ontology and pathway analysis via the NetworkAnalyst 3.0 tool, to explore the predictive signaling pathway in HCC. Results The levels of MCM4 messenger (m)RNA and protein were found to be significantly higher in liver cancer tissues than in normal liver tissues. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the upregulation of MCM4 was significantly negatively correlated with the survival of HCC patients. Conclusions Our data suggest that MCM4 may be used as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for HCC.

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Increased expression of MCM4 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract In regenerative medicine, the tumorigenic potency of cells in cellular therapy products (CTPs) is a major concern for their application to patients. This study presents a method—the soft agar colony formation assay using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)—to evaluate tumorigenicity. MRC-5 cells, contaminated with HeLa cells, were cultured for up to 4 weeks in soft agar medium. Cell-proliferation-related mRNAs, Ki-67 and cyclin B, could be detected in 0.01% of HeLa cells after 5 days of culture, whereas cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) could be detected after 2 weeks. On the other hand, CDK2, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and minichromosome maintenance protein 7 (MCM7) were not useful to detect HeLa cells even after 4 weeks of culture. The cancer stem cell (CSC) markers, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and CD133 in 0.01% of HeLa cells, could be detected 2 and 4 weeks after culture, respectively. However, another CSC marker CD44 was not useful because its expression was also detected in MRC-5 cells alone. This study suggests that the application of the PCR method to the soft agar colony formation assay could evaluate not only the tumorigenic potency in the short-term but also characterize the colonies, eventually improving the safety of CTPs. 

/pdf/the-evaluation-of-tumorigenicity-and-characterization-of-3r8bo5ed.pdf

The evaluation of tumorigenicity and characterization of colonies in a soft agar colony formation assay using polymerase chain reaction

High minichromosome maintenance protein 7 proliferation indices: a powerful predictor of progression in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms without distant metastasis at the time of surgery.

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High minichromosome maintenance protein 7 proliferation indices: a powerful predictor of progression in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms without distant metastasis at the time of surgery.