Objective: To review our experience and the literature on inconclusive/erroneous fine-needle aspirates (FNAs) of breast with the focus on the ‘true gray zone'. To

/pdf/indeterminate-and-erroneous-fine-needle-aspirates-of-breast-jhzjx4rtgh.pdf

Indeterminate and Erroneous Fine-Needle Aspirates of Breast with Focus on the ‘True Gray Zone': A Review

Primary Salivary Gland–Type Lung Cancer: Clinicopathological Analysis of 88 Cases from China

Breast tuberculosis: Diagnosis, management and treatment

Breast spindle cell tumours (BSCTs), although rare, represent a heterogeneous group with different treatment modalities. This work was undertaken to evaluate the utility of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in differentiating BSCTs. FNAC of eight breast masses diagnosed cytologically as BSCTs was followed by wide excision biopsy. IHC using a panel of antibodies against vimentin, pan-cytokeratin, s100, desmin, smooth muscle actin, CD34, and CD10 was evaluated to define their nature. FNAC defined the tumors as benign (n = 4), suspicious (n = 2) and malignant (n = 3), based on the cytopathological criteria of malignancy. Following wide excision biopsy, the tumors were reclassified into benign (n = 5) and malignant (n = 3). In the benign group, the diagnosis was raised histologically and confirmed by IHC for 3 cases (one spindle cell lipoma, one myofibroblastoma and one leiomyoma). For the remaining two cases, the diagnosis was set up after IHC (one fibromatosis and one spindle cell variant of adenomyoepithelioma). In the malignant group, a leiomyosarcoma was diagnosed histologically, while IHC was crucial to set up the diagnosis of one case of spindle cell carcinoma and one malignant myoepithelioma. FNAC in BSCTs is an insufficient tool and should be followed by wide excision biopsy. The latter technique differentiate benign from malignant BSCTs and is able in 50% of the cases to set up the definite diagnosis. IHC is of value to define the nature of different benign lesions and is mandatory in the malignant ones for optimal treatment. Awareness of the different types of BSCTs prevents unnecessary extensive therapeutic regimes.

/pdf/breast-spindle-cell-tumours-about-eight-cases-4bzz9o336y.pdf

Breast spindle cell tumours: about eight cases

Adenomyoepithelioma (AME) of the breast is an uncommon tumor characterized by biphasic proliferation of both epithelial and myoepithelial cells. In rare instances, the epithelial, the myoepithelial or both components of an AME may become malignant. Described herein is the case of a 69-year-old woman who presented with myoepithelial carcinoma of the breast in an AME. Malignancy of myoepithelial component (MEC) was evidenced by the presence of cytological atypia, high mitotic rate, necrosis and local invasion. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated strong expression of P53 and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in MEC. Laser capture microdissection technique and mutational analysis further revealed point mutation of the p53 gene (T-->G transversion at codon 270) in this population, but not in glandular epithelial cells or adjacent normal ductal epithelium. No mutations in exons 1 and 2 of the K-, H-, and N-ras genes were identified in any of the neoplastic component. To the authors' knowledge this is the first report of a mutation in the p53 gene in a malignant AME of the breast.

Myoepithelial carcinoma arising in an adenomyoepithelioma of the breast: case report with immunohistochemical and mutational analysis.

Tracheobronchial submucous glands can be considered the pulmonary equivalent of minor salivary glands and therefore they can develop most of the tumours originated in these. Nevertheless, in spite of the wide distribution of this kind of glands along the tracheobronchial tree, pulmonary salivary gland-like neoplasms are not very frequent. Among them, the most frequent are mucoepidermoid and adenoid cystic carcinomas. On the contrary, pulmonary neoplasms showing a mixture of epithelial and myoepithelial elements are extraordinary infrequent, with only 11 cases collected from literature. We present the case of a 76 year-old woman with no interesting pathological history, to whom a pulmonary nodule is detected during a study of unknown origin neutropenia. An upper right lobectomy is performed. After macro and microscopic study, the diagnosis of pulmonary epithelial-myoepithelial tumour is made. It is a low malignant potential tumour with capacity to locally recur and less frequently to metastasize. Our case has the peculiarity of not being connected neither to visceral pleura nor to bronchial tree; we have not found this characteristic in any literature reviewed case. These tumours have been named in a lot of different ways, including adenomyoepithelioma, epithelial-myoepithelial tumour, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma or epithelial-myoepithelial tumour of uncertain malignant potential. The p27/kip-1 protein plays a fundamental role in the development of these neoplasms. As we have verified in our case, its aberrant cytoplasmic location, besides its proved oncogenic function, would favour the proliferation of stem cells, which would explain both dual phenotype with presence of myoepithelial cells without connection with the bronchial tree, and TTF-1 immunostaining in epithelial cells.

/pdf/epithelial-myoepithelial-tumour-of-the-lung-a-case-report-26gosexpj4.pdf

Epithelial-myoepithelial tumour of the lung: a case report referring to its molecular histogenesis

Tuberculosis of the Breast as a Pseudotumoral Image

Benign Adenomyoepithelioma of the Breast: A Case With Gross Mimicking of Malignancy

Metanephric adenoma (MA) is a rare benign renal tumor. Radiology does not clearly differentiate between this benign lesion and renal carcinoma accurately. We report the case of a woman with history of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. CT scan showed nodules in one kidney, and radical nephrectomy was performed under the appearance of hypernephroma. Two lesions were identified, and the histopathological diagnosis was MA. No other MA has been reported in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The correct diagnosis of this tumor prevents radical nephrectomy. In the current report we describe two foci of tumor, and being MA usually solitary, its benign characteristics might be more challenging.

/pdf/bifocal-metanephric-adenoma-in-a-patient-with-non-hodgkin-500qjz2rqn.pdf

Bifocal Metanephric Adenoma in a Patient with Non-hodgkin Lymphoma

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com of MA versus renal cell carcinoma [1]. This concept is relevant, given that initially the malignancy of MA was uncertain, although it almost always has a benign clinical course [6]. However, two cases have been reported showing malignant behavior with metastasis [6,7]. MA ranges in size, being around 30 60 mm in diameter with the largest being 200 mm [6]. This tumor is usually unifocal and unilateral, with few exceptions reported [5,6].

/pdf/bifocal-metanephric-adenoma-4h5rfusxrc.pdf

Bifocal metanephric adenoma

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