Rheological properties of dense flows of hard particles are singular as one approaches the jamming threshold where flow ceases both for aerial granular flows dominated by inertia and for over-damped suspensions. Concomitantly, the length scale characterizing velocity correlations appears to diverge at jamming. Here we introduce a theoretical framework that proposes a tentative, but potentially complete, scaling description of stationary flows. Our analysis, which focuses on frictionless particles, applies both to suspensions and inertial flows of hard particles. We compare our predictions with the empirical literature, as well as with novel numerical data. Overall, we find a very good agreement between theory and observations, except for frictional inertial flows whose scaling properties clearly differ from frictionless systems. For overdamped flows, more observations are needed to decide if friction is a relevant perturbation. Our analysis makes several new predictions on microscopic dynamical quantities that should be accessible experimentally.

/pdf/unified-theory-of-inertial-granular-flows-and-non-brownian-45jlvdeam9.pdf

Unified Theory of Inertial Granular Flows and Non-Brownian Suspensions

pdf/shear-thickening-in-presence-of-adhesive-contact-forces-the-3c56te2l.pdf

Shear thickening in presence of adhesive contact forces: the singularity of cornstarch

A cornstarch suspension is the quintessential particulate system that exhibits shear thickening. By adding large non-Brownian spheres to a cornstarch suspension, we show that shear thickening can be significantly enhanced. More precisely, the shear-thickening transition is found to be increasingly shifted to lower critical shear rates. This influence of the large particles on the discontinuous shear-thickening transition is shown to be more dramatic than that on the viscosity or the yield stress of the suspension.

/pdf/enhancing-shear-thickening-2rfjh7vjmp.pdf

Enhancing Shear Thickening

Le rheo-epaississement est un phenomene observe dans certaines suspensions denses de particules. Il consiste en une augmentation parfois brutale de leur viscosite lorsqu'elles sont soumises a une forte contrainte. Ce comportement, tres utile pour certaines applications tech-nologiques, peut aussi s'averer problematique dans certains processus industriels. Longtemps reste une enigme, le rheo-epaississement est desormais decrit de facon coherente par le modele de transition frictionnelle. Cet article presente ce modele ainsi que les etudes numeriques et experimentales qui le valident. Sont ensuite abordees differentes perspectives d'applications offertes par la comprehension de ce phenomene. Resume Shear-thickening is observed in dense particulate suspensions and consists in a severe increase of the suspension viscosity above an onset stress. This behavior, which is very useful for certain technological applications, can also be an issue in some industrial processes. Shear thickening was considered a puzzle for a long time. It can now be explained as a frictio-nal transition thanks to a recent theoretical model. This paper presents this model and its numerical and experimental validations. Different applications which may emerge from the understanding of this phenomenon are then discussed.

Suspensions rhéo-épaississantes - Principes et applications

Le rheoepaississement est un phenomene spectaculaire apparaissant dans certaines suspensions concentrees en particules. Il se manifeste par l’augmentation brutale de la viscosite de la suspension au dela d’une contrainte critique. L’exemple emblematique de suspension presentant ce type de comportement est le melange d’amidon de mais et d’eau. Le rheoepaississement est longtemps reste une enigme, jusqu’a des travaux theoriques et numeriques recents proposant un modele microscopique coherent. Selon celui-ci, le rheoepaississement provient d’une transition frictionnelle due a la presence d’une force repulsive entre les grains. Au cours de ma these, j’ai realise une des premieres demonstrations experimentales directe de ce mecanisme. En m'inspirant de travaux venant du domaine des milieux granulaires, j'ai montre qu'en accord avec le modele de transition frictionnelle, une suspension rheoepaississante possede a faible pression granulaire un etat non frottant. J'ai ensuite mis en evidence la transition en elle-meme dans des suspensions controlees de billes de silice dans des solutions salines. Pour cela, j'ai du developper de nouvelles methodes de rheologie a pression imposee. En effet, les rheometres standard ne permettent pas d'acceder aux proprietes de frottement des suspensions. Le seul rheometre qui le permet n'est pas adapte aux suspensions etudiees ici, qui sont constituees de particules colloidales. Ce travail ouvre donc la voie au developpement d’une nouvelle generation de rheometres permettant de mesurer le frottement dans les suspensions colloidales, un enjeu majeur pour la rheologie des fluides complexes.

Rhéoépaississement des suspensions denses : mise en évidence de la transition frictionnelle

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Rhéoépaississement des suspensions denses : mise en évidence de la transition frictionnelle