Object This study attempted to explore the effects of vaccination on disease severity and the factors for viral clearance and hospitalization in omicron-infected patients. Methods The clinical manifestations of 3,265 Omicron-infected patients (BA.2 lineage variant; the Omicron group) were compared with those of 226 Delta-infected patients (the Delta group). A Multi-class logistic regression model was employed to analyze the impacts of vaccination doses and intervals on disease severity; a logistic regression model to evaluate the risk factors for hospitalization; R 4.1.2 data analysis to investigate the factors for time for nucleic acid negativization (NAN). Results Compared with the Delta group, the Omicron group reported a fast transmission, mild symptoms, and lower severity incidence, and a significant inverse correlation of vaccination dose with clinical severity (OR: 0.803, 95%CI: 0.742-0.868, p<0.001). Of the 7 or 5 categories of vaccination status, the risk of severity significantly decreased only at ≥21 days after three doses (OR: 0.618, 95% CI: 0.475-0.803, p<0.001; OR: 0.627, 95% CI: 0.482-0.815, p<0.001, respectively). The Omicron group also reported underlying illness as an independent factor for hospitalization, sore throat as a protective factor, and much shorter time for NAN [15 (12,19) vs. 16 (12,22), p<0.05]. NAN was associated positively with age, female gender, fever, cough, and disease severity, but negatively with vaccination doses. Conclusion Booster vaccination should be advocated for COVID-19 pandemic-related control and prevention policies and adequate precautions should be taken for patients with underlying conditions.

The effects of vaccination on the disease severity and factors for viral clearance and hospitalization in Omicron-infected patients: A retrospective observational cohort study from recent regional outbreaks in China

The complex [Zn2(btca)(H2O)4] was synthesized with 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4btca) and zinc acetate as materials via a room-temperature solid state reaction. The composition and structure of the complex were characterized by elemental analyses (EA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The index results of X-ray powder diffraction data showed that the crystal structure of the complex belonged to monoclinic system with cell parameters a = 9.882 A, b = 21.311 A, c = 15.746 A, and β = 100.69°. In order to expand the application of the complex, the nanometer zinc oxide was prepared by using the complex as a precursor, and the effect of the thermal decomposition temperature on the preparation of the nanometer zinc oxide was studied. The results showed that the grain size of zinc oxide gradually grew with the increase of the pyrolysis temperature, the obtained nanometer zinc oxide was spherical, and the diameter of the particles was about 25 nm.

Room Temperature Solid State Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of a Zinc Complex with Pyromellitic Acid

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2022.09.003

Development of a thermostable SARS-CoV-2 variant-based bivalent protein vaccine with cross-neutralizing potency against Omicron subvariants

Data on immunogenicity, immune response persistency, and safety of COVID-19 boosters in patients with comorbidities are limited. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate three different boosters’ immunogenicity and safety in individuals with at least one underlying disease (UD) (obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus) with healthy ones (HC) who were primed with two doses of the BBIBP-CorV vaccine and received a booster shot of the same priming vaccine or protein subunit vaccines, PastoCovac Plus or PastoCovac. One hundred and forty subjects including sixty-three ones with a comorbidity and seventy-seven healthy ones were enrolled. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was assessed before the booster injection and 28, 60, 90, and 180 days after it. Moreover, the adverse events (AEs) were recorded on days 7 and 21 postbooster shot for evaluating safety outcomes. Significantly increased titers of antispike, antiRBD, and neutralizing antibodies were observed in both UD and HC groups 28 days after the booster dose. Nevertheless, the titer of antispike IgG and anti-RBD IgG was lower in the UD group compared to the HC group. The long-term assessment regarding persistence of humoral immune responses showed that the induced antibodies were detectable up to 180 days postbooster shots though with a declined titer in both groups with no significant differences (p > 0.05). Furthermore, no significant difference in antibody levels was observed between each UD subgroup and the HC group, except for neutralizing antibodies in the hypertension subgroup. PastoCovac Plus and PastoCovac boosters induced a higher fold rise in antibodies in UD individuals than BBIBP-CorV booster recipients. No serious AEs after the booster injection were recorded. The overall incidence of AEs after the booster injection was higher in the UD group than the HC group among whom the highest systemic rate of AEs was seen in the BBIBP-CorV booster recipients. In conclusion, administration of COVID-19 boosters could similarly induce robust and persistent humoral immune responses in individuals with or without UD primarily vaccinated with two doses of the BBIBP-CorV. Protein-based boosters with higher a higher fold rise in antibodies and lower AEs in individuals with comorbidities might be considered a better choice for these individuals.

A Comparative Study of Immunogenicity, Antibody Persistence, and Safety of Three Different COVID-19 Boosters between Individuals with Comorbidities and the Normal Population

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.01.020

Safety of primary immunization using inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac®) among population aged 3 years and older in a large-scale use: A multi-center open-label study in China

Background: People living with chronic disease, particularly seniors older than 60 years old, are lagging behind in the national vaccination campaign in China due to uncertainty of safety and effectiveness. However, this special population made up of most severe symptom and death cases among infected patients and should be prioritized in vaccination program. In this retrospective study, we assessed the safety and immunogenicity of the CoronaVac inactivated vaccines in people with underlying medical conditions to address the vaccine hesitation in this special population. Methods: In this cohort study, volunteers aged 40 years and older, had received two doses of CoronaVac inactivated vaccines (3-5 weeks interval), been healthy or with at least one of the six diseases: coronary heart disease (CAD), hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic respiratory disease (CRD), obesity and cancer, were recruited from 4 study sites in China. The primary safety outcome was the incidence of adverse events within 14 days after each dose of vaccination. The primary immunogenic outcome was geometric mean titer (GMT) of neutralizing antibodies to living SARS-CoV-2 virus at 14-28 days, 3 months, and 6 months after full two-dose vaccination. This study is registered with ChiCTR.org.cn (ChiCTR2200058281) and is active but no longer recruiting. Findings: Among 1,302 volunteers screened between Jul 5 and Dec 30, 2021, 969 were eligible and enrolled in our cohort, including 740 living with underlying medical conditions and 229 as healthy control. All of them formed the safety cohort. The overall incidence of adverse reactions was 150 (20.27%) of 740 in the comorbidities group versus 32 (13.97%) of 229 in the healthy group, with significant difference (P=0.0334). The difference was mainly contributed by fatigue and injection-site pain in some groups. Most adverse reactions were mild (Grade 1). We did not observe any serious adverse events related to vaccination. By day 14-28 post vaccination, the seroconversion rates and GMT of neutralizing antibody showed no significant difference between disease group and healthy group, except CAD group (P=0.03) and CRD group (P=0.04) showed slight reduction. By day 90, the neutralizing antibody GMTs were significantly reduced in each group, with no significant difference between diseases and healthy group. By day 180, the neutralizing antibody continued to decrease in each group, but with slower declination. Interpretation: For people living with chronic disease especially seniors older than 60 years, the CoronaVac vaccines are as safe as in healthy people. Although the immunogenicity is slightly different in subgroup of some diseases compared with that of the healthy population, the overall trend was consistent. Our findings highlight the evidence to address vaccine hesitancy for seniors and people living with chronic diseases. Funding: Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department (202102AA100051 and 202003AC100010, China), Sinovac Biotech Ltd (PRO-nCOV-4004).

Immunogenicity and safety of the CoronaVac inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in people with underlying medical conditions: a retrospective study

Synthesis and Single-crystal Structure of a Silver(I) Carboxyarylphosphonate: Ag(H2BCP)(4,4 '-bipy)center dot 2H(2)O

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by joint swelling, joint compression and synovial joint destruction, where inflammation and bone destruction can lead to significant functional impairment. Recently, several studies have reported the identification of new biomarkers of RA, such as osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN)[1], all three of which play a significant role in regulating bone metabolism and influencing osteoclast synthesis and secretion. Although OPG, OCN and OPN are strongly correlated with RA, it is not clear whether there is a causal relationship between them.The aim of this study was to assess whether OPG, OPN and OCN are causally related to the risk of RA in a Two-Sample Mendelian randomisation(TSMR).The genetic instrumental variables (IVs) for OPG, OPN and OCN exposure from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis including 21,758, 1322 and 3301 participants, respectively. The GWAS data for RA were selected from an independent RA GWAS analysis that included 29,880 RA cases of European ancestry and 73,758 controls.Significant (P < 5 × 10-6) and independent (r2< 0.001) SNP in genome-wide association studies were selected as IVs for performing MR analyses. The causal relationship between OPN、OPG、OCN and RA risk was assessed by TSMR analysis using inverse variance weighting (IVW) methods as the primary analysis, supplemented by weighted median, MR-Egger. MR-Egger regression, Leave-one-out analysis and Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) were used to detect and correct for the effects of horizontal multi-effects[2].The Eighteen,seven and nine SNPs were selected as IVs for OPN, OPG and OCN respectively. The results of theIVW method (OPN:OR = 1.0191, 95% CI: 0.9800-1.0597, p = 0.3440; OPG: OR = 1.0396, 95% CI: 0.9327- 1.1588, p = 0.4827;OCN: OR = 1.077, 95% CI: 0.990- 1.077, p = 0.812) showed that there was no strong evidence of a relationship between the production of OPN, OPG and OCN in people of European ancestry and RA risk. Further sensitivity analyses verified the robustness of the above associations, with MR-Egger regressions showing no evidence of pleiotropy (OPN:p = 0.8703; OPG:p = 0.7043;OCN:p = 0.6356) and heterogeneity analyses showing no heterogeneity (OPN:p = 0.7880; OPG:p = 0.2451;OCN:p =0.5651). The leave-one-out method analysis indicated that genetically determined PN, OPG and OCN were not driven by any single SNP in association with RA risk.We did not find any evidence of a causal relationship between OPN, OPG,OCN and RA risk. Further research is needed to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying the role of OPN, OPG and OCN in the development of RA.[1]Liu LN, Mao YM, Zhao CN, et al. Circulating Levels of Osteoprotegerin, Osteocalcin and Osteopontin in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Immunol Invest 2019; 48: 107-120.[2]Davey Smith G and Hemani G. Mendelian randomization: genetic anchors for causal inference in epidemiological studies. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23: R89-98.Figure 1.NIL.None Declared.

https://ard.bmj.com/content/annrheumdis/82/Suppl_1/1414.1.full.pdf

Ab0449 association of opg, opn and ocn proteins with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis

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Immunogenicity and safety of the CoronaVac inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in people with underlying medical conditions: a retrospective study

Synthesis and Single-crystal Structure of a Silver(I) Carboxyarylphosphonate: Ag(H2BCP)(4,4 '-bipy)center dot 2H(2)O

Ab0449 association of opg, opn and ocn proteins with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis