Changing societal needs means that new or existing maps need to be continuously developed. It is important that these maps are interpreted in the right way, to avoid misinterpretations and bad decision-making. The map design choices are based upon experience and cartographic theory, and in the end, are a product of expert opinions. This in-house research project aims to test and communicate the impact of these design choices to support the development processes for two Norwegian geoscience maps: Possibility of marine clay and the national Radon susceptibility map. Interviews were conducted with the map owners and based on known challenges with the maps, a web-based experiment was set up to measure intuitiveness for a series of map alternatives. A total of 450 participants, from novices to experts, took part in the experiment. By analyzing and visualizing amounts of correct answers, confidence in the map reading tasks and uncertainties, it was possible to conclude about map intuitiveness and how accessible the map is expected to be. The results show that including an experiment like this can improve cartographic work processes, support map design choices with empirical evidence, and that seemingly small improvements in design significantly improve the participant scores. 

Improving intuitiveness in geoscience hazard maps: a web-based experiment supporting governmental map development

Abstract Seismic investigations were performed at a site in the southwest of Sweden where major quick‐clay landslides have occurred in the past. Given the potential high risk of the area and the presence of medium infrastructures, the site posed a need for detailed investigations in a wide depth range and in high resolution. A high‐fold seismic survey was designed and conducted along two profiles using a 1–2 m receiver and shot spacing in order to retrieve both P‐ and S‐wavefield seismic images from vertical component data. The data were analysed by combining first‐break traveltime tomography and surface‐wave analysis as well as P‐ and S‐wavefield reflection seismic imaging. Using the first breaks, P‐wave velocity ( V P ) models were estimated, indicating the bedrock topography along the profiles and the sediment characteristics. The S‐wave velocity ( V s ) models were estimated from the surface waves and indicated areas of low shear strength. Combined with V P and V s models, this permits the estimation of V P / V S , a parameter that can indicate areas with high water content, significant for the detection of quick clays and possible liquefaction issues. The results are integrated with the P‐ and S‐wave reflection seismic images and compared with other geophysical investigations, such as magnetic and gravity data that were collected along the profiles. 

High‐resolution P‐ and S‐wavefield seismic investigations of a quick‐clay site in southwest of Sweden

Use of Electrical Resistivity Tomography for Detecting Quick Clay in Norway

Abstract Landslides may cause severe destruction that affects both the individuals and functions vital for society. Minor landslides in an area with quick clay may trigger secondary slides, influencing a much greater area compared to slides in areas with no quick clay. Today’s expanding societies demand new areas for exploitation. To effectively meet this demand, there is an increased need to identify areas where quick clay may occur. Direct or indirect methods for assessing the presence of quick clay have previously been presented as well as a strategy for site investigations in quick clay areas. In this article, a methodology for mapping quick clays for the Swedish conditions with methods commonly available in this area is presented. The methodology presented in the article is structured in steps with different levels of detail and visualized with two conceptual flowcharts. Depending on the stage of planning, different types of surveys are recommended. The methodology has been applied at four sites where integrated interpretation of airborne and ground geophysical measurements as well as geotechnical investigations have been carried out. The results from two of these sites are presented here. The study reveals that all the methods used have their advantages and limitations. However, a combined use of the information provides much more accurate interpretation that can be used for a more cost-effective future planning and decision-making. 

/pdf/a-methodology-for-mapping-of-quick-clay-in-sweden-1lhgf9im.pdf

A methodology for mapping of quick clay in Sweden

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A methodology for mapping of quick clay in Sweden