Feeding graded levels of protein to Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT) juveniles reared in inland saline water: Effects on growth and gene expression of IGFI, IGF-IR and IGF-BPI

Optimum dietary crude protein for culture of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT), Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) juveniles in low inland saline water: Effects on growth, metabolism and gene expression

The growth performance, antioxidative capacity, and histological features of intestines, gills, and livers of Nile tilapia reared in different water salinities and fed menthol essential oil

Effects of dietary synbiotics and biofloc meal on the growth, tissue histomorphology, whole-body composition and intestinal microbiota profile of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultured at different salinities

A 60-day feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of varying levels of dietary protein on growth metrics, hemato-biochemical status, and metabolic responses of GIFT tilapia juveniles reared in inland ground saline water (IGSW) of 15 g/l. A random distribution of 315 acclimated fish (avg. wt. 4.01 ± 0.01 g, stocking density 15 fish/tank) was done in seven experimental groups—20% (CP20), 25% (CP25), 30% (CP30), 35% (CP35), 40% (CP40), 45% (CP45), and 50% (CP50)—in triplicates following a completely randomized design (CRD). Weight gain (WG), metabolic growth rate (MGR), feed efficiency ratio (FER), and protein growth rate (PGR) showed higher quadratic relations (R2 = 0.93, 0.96, 0.92, 0.90 respectively) with highest (P < 0.05) values in the CP40 group. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) significantly (P < 0.05) decreased with increase in dietary protein levels. Higher (P < 0.05) quadratic relations of muscle and hepatic AST (R2 = 0.71, 0.75) and ALT (R2 = 0.77, 0.69) activities, hemoglobin (Hb) content (R2 = 0.87), hematocrit (Hct), value (R2 = 0.93), and red blood cell (RBC) count (R2 = 0.88) were found in groups fed higher levels of dietary protein than their lower protein-fed counterparts. Muscle LDH and MDH activities were the highest (P < 0.05) in CP20 and CP50 group respectively with strong linear and quadratic relationships. The lowest (P < 0.05) serum glucose level was found in the CP40 group. Second-order polynomial regression analysis indicated that 41.85% dietary protein is optimum with respect to growth metrics, nutrient utilization, and metabolic status of GIFT tilapia juveniles in IGSW of 15 g/l. 

Effect of dietary protein level on growth and metabolism of GIFT juveniles reared in inland ground saline water of medium salinity

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is important as a newly introduced species to inland aquaculture industry of Iran. Feed is the most important economic factor, and protein, the most expensive ingradient represents more than 50% of expenses was investigated. All male Nile tilapia (180) with initial weight 13.85±1.01 g divided randomly in 12 tanks (150 L, 3 L/min water flow) and fed with 4 diets (15, 22, 29 and 36% crude protein) during 8 weeks. Survival did not affect by increasing protein level. Growth, food and protein performance indices improved significantly (P<0.01) up to CP 29. The most economical diet for getting convince growth, food and protein performance was 29% crude protein. Mathematical model (polynomiyal) between PCE and protein level showed the maximum protein efficiency appeared in 35.3% crude protein.

Optimization of Dietary Protein in All Male Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Inland Saline Water

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Optimization of Dietary Protein in All Male Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in Inland Saline Water