Application of polyethylene glycol 2000 to remove silica in the determination of 239+240Pu and 238Pu in soil samples by alpha-spectrometry

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the use of extraction chromatography in radiotoxicology. Radiotoxicology is a new branch of science concerning the prevention and determination of internal contaminations from radioactive substances. When the contaminating radionuclide is a gamma or an X-ray emitter, a technique can be used that provides the direct determination of body burden by means of gamma spectre metric analysis on the contaminated subject; the complete apparatus is named “whole-body counter.” On the contrary, if the incorporated radionuclide is an alpha or a beta emitter, no direct method can be used, and the body burden can be calculated only by indirect methods taking into account the relation between the body burden and the excretion patterns of the contaminant. Periodical radiotoxicological analyses are carried out on the technical personnel exposed to a risk of internal contamination from radionuclides. Except for natural uranium and natural thorium, the final determination is made by counting the alpha or beta emitters previously separated from the urine. Features of radiotoxicological techniques for routine purposes are also discussed in the chapter.

Chapter 10 Use of Extraction Chromatography in Radiotoxicology

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Chapter 10 Use of Extraction Chromatography in Radiotoxicology