The Medipix3 Collaboration has broken new ground in spectroscopic X-ray imaging and in single particle detection and tracking. This paper will review briefly the performance and limitations of the present generation of pixel detector readout chips developed by the Collaboration. Through Silicon Via technology has the potential to provide a significant improvement in the tile-ability and more flexibility in the choice of readout architecture. This has been explored in the context of 3 projects with CEA-LETI using Medipix3 and Timepix3 wafers. The next generation of chips will aim to provide improved spectroscopic imaging performance at rates compatible with human CT. It will also aim to provide full spectroscopic images with unprecedented energy and spatial resolution. Some of the opportunities and challenges posed by moving to a more dense CMOS process will be discussed.

/pdf/towards-a-new-generation-of-pixel-detector-readout-chips-v4otx2whk2.pdf

Towards a new generation of pixel detector readout chips

The Medipix3RX is the latest version of the Medipix3 photon counting ASICs, which implements two new operational modes, with respect to the Medipix2 ASIC, aimed at eliminating charge shared events (referred to as Charge Summing Mode (CSM)) and at providing spectroscopic information (referred to as Colour Mode (CM)). The Medipix3RX is a redesign of the Medipix3v0 ASIC and corrects for the underperformance of CSM features observed in the previous version. This paper presents the results from synchrotron X-rays tests to evaluate the Medipix3RX ASIC performance. The newly implemented CSM algorithm eliminates the charge sharing effect at the same time as allocating the event to the readout pixel corresponding to the sensor pixel where the X-ray photon impinged. The new pixel trimming circuit led to a reduced dispersion between pixels. Further results of the linearity for all the gain modes, energy resolution and pixel uniformity are also presented.

Medipix3RX: Characterizing the Medipix3 Redesign With Synchrotron Radiation

The Diamond Beamline I13L is dedicated to imaging on the micro- and nano-lengthsale, operating in the energy range
between 6 and 30keV. For this purpose two independently operating branchlines and endstations have been built. The
imaging branch is fully operational for micro-tomography and in-line phase contrast imaging with micrometre
resolution. Grating interferometry is currently implemented, adding the capability of measuring phase and small-angle
information. For tomography with increased resolution a full-field microscope providing 50nm spatial resolution with a
field of view of 100μm is being tested. The instrument provides a large working distance between optics and sample to
adapt a wide range of customised sample environments. On the coherence branch coherent diffraction imaging
techniques such as ptychography, coherent X-ray diffraction (CXRD) are currently developed for three dimensional
imaging with the highest resolution.
The imaging branch is operated in collaboration with Manchester University, called therefore the Diamond-Manchester
Branchline. The scientific applications cover a large area including bio-medicine, materials science, chemistry geology
and more. The present paper provides an overview about the current status of the beamline and the science addressed.

https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/10391/103910T/Micro--and-nano-tomography-at-the-DIAMOND-beamline-I13L/10.1117/12.2274514.pdf

Micro- and nano-tomography at the DIAMOND beamline I13L imaging and coherence

The Coherence branch of the I13 beamline in Diamond Light Source is specialized in reciprocal space imaging using Ptychography and Bragg CDT techniques. The experimental hutch is 220 m from the synchrotron source, providing the x-ray beam with intrinsic high spatial coherence. The capacious hutch allows variable sample-detector distance up to l4.5 m. This, in combination with the use of the large area photon counting detector Excalibur, enables fields of view as large as 500 μm, resolution down to tens of nanometers and acquisition rate in excess of l00 Hz. Recently the ptychography scan has been combined to the x-ray fluorescence scan to simultaneously access the chemical and structural information of the sample.

Multi-scale multi-dimensional imaging at I13-coherence branchline in diamond light source

The Diamond Imaging and Coherence beamline I13 consists of two independent branchlines for imaging in real and reciprocal space. Different microscopies are available providing a range of spatial resolution from 5µm to potentially 5nm. The beamline operates in the energy range of 6-35keV covering different scientific areas such as biomedicine, materials science and geophysics. Several original devices have been developed at the beamline, such as the EXCALIBUR photon counting detector and the combined robot arms for coherent X-ray diffraction.

Imaging in real and reciprocal space at the Diamond beamline I13

A three million pixels photon counting area detector for the coherent diffraction imaging beam line (113) of Diamond Light Source has been developed by a joint team of Diamond and STFC staff. The detector is the state of the art of X-ray detection technology since it exploits the latest generation of Medipix ASICs family that introduced a number of innovations. The specifications required by the beam line represented a severe challenge to all of the components of the detector. The frame rate of Excalibur is up to 1,000 frames per second when stored in local RAM or up to 100 frames per second when streamed to storage. Tests with an X-ray set show the imaging capabilities of the detector as well as the data acquisition speed.

Excalibur: A three million pixels photon counting area detector for coherent diffraction imaging based on the Medipix3 ASIC

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Excalibur: A three million pixels photon counting area detector for coherent diffraction imaging based on the Medipix3 ASIC