Flow monitoring has become a prevalent method for monitoring traffic in high-speed networks By focusing on the analysis of flows, rather than individual packets, it is often said to be more scalable than traditional packet-based traffic analysis Flow monitoring embraces the complete chain of packet observation, flow export using protocols such as NetFlow and IPFIX, data collection, and data analysis In contrast to what is often assumed, all stages of flow monitoring are closely intertwined Each of these stages therefore has to be thoroughly understood, before being able to perform sound flow measurements Otherwise, flow data artifacts and data loss can be the consequence, potentially without being observed This paper is the first of its kind to provide an integrated tutorial on all stages of a flow monitoring setup As shown throughout this paper, flow monitoring has evolved from the early 1990s into a powerful tool, and additional functionality will certainly be added in the future We show, for example, how the previously opposing approaches of deep packet inspection and flow monitoring have been united into novel monitoring approaches

/pdf/flow-monitoring-explained-from-packet-capture-to-data-55ebj7g9hl.pdf

Flow Monitoring Explained: From Packet Capture to Data Analysis With NetFlow and IPFIX

This document provides a general framework for describing network traffic flows, presents an architecture for traffic flow measurement and reporting, discusses how this relates to an overall network traffic flow architecture and indicates how it can be used within the Internet.

Traffic Flow Measurement: Architecture

This paper presents a system for billing users for their TCP traffic. This is achieved by postponing the establishment of connections while the user is contacted, verifying in a secure way that they are prepared to pay. By presenting the user with cost and price information, the system can be used for cost recovery and to encourage efficient use of network resources. The system requires no changes to existing protocols or applications and can be used to recover costs between cooperating sites. Statistics collected from a four-day trace of traffic between the University of California, Berkeley, and the rest of the Internet demonstrate that such a billing system is practical and introduces acceptable latency. An implementation based on the BayBridge prototype router is described. Our study also indicates that pricing schemes may be used to control network congestion either by rescheduling time-insensitive traffic to a less expensive time of the day, or by smoothing packet transfers to reduce traffic peaks. >

Billing users and pricing for TCP

The system delivers a continuous sequence of individual pieces of media information over a communications network to a group of users that selected said media information. The system includes at least one server that transmits the continuous sequence of individual pieces of media information at approximately the same time to each user in the group. The system also includes an application configured to generate a user interface screen. The User interface screen includes a list of available media information, a program guide containing information relating to the media information selected by a user, and an object configured to allow a user to initiate a purchase of a product. Finally, the system includes at least one server configured to maintain an audit log that records data. The records data includes how many users received the particular media information, times at which users received the particular media information, the total bytes of said media information transmitted to each user, the composition of said media information, and the identity of users.

System for delivering media

A scalable architecture is disclosed for delivery of real-time information over a communications network. Embedded into the architecture is a control mechanism that provides for the management and administration of users who are to receive the real-time information. In the preferred embodiment, the information being delivered is high-quality audio. However, it could also be video, graphics, text or any other type of information that can be transmitted over a digital network. Preferably, there are multiple channels of information available simultaneously to be delivered to users, each channel consisting of an independent stream of information. A user chooses to tune in or tune out a particular channel, but does not choose the time at which the channel distributes its information. Advantageously, interactive (two-way) information can be incorporated into the system, multiple streams of information can be integrated for delivery to a user, and certain portions of the information being delivered can be tailored to the individual user.

Methods and systems for playing media

This document provides background information for the "Internet
Accounting Architecture". This memo provides information for the
Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard.

Internet Accounting: Background

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Internet Accounting: Background