The ν -ballspectrometer is an hybrid array combining high purity co-axial germanium detectors from the french-UK loan pool, clover detectors from the GAMMAPOOL, lanthanum bromide (LaBr3:Ce) scintillator detectors belonging to the FATIMA collaboration and phoswitches from the PARIS collaboration. The aim was to couple the excellent energy resolution of germanium detectors to the excellent time resolution of the LaBr3 detectors. We achieved a total photopeak efficiency of 6.7% at 1.3 MeV, and peak-to-total ratio of 50% for the germanium part of the array. Using the digital acquisition system FASTER, we achieved time resolution of about 250 ps for LaBr3. This acquisition system made also possible the use of the calorimetry for reaction selection. It makes ν -ball the first fully digital large fast timing spectrometer with time resolution similar to analogue electronics. The construction began in June 2017 and commissioning was performed in early November 2017. From November 2017 to June 2018, more than 3200 h of beam time were provided by the ALTO facility to perform eight experiments during the campaign. Among them, five weeks of beam time were dedicated to γ spectroscopy of fast neutron induced reactions. In this paper all the technical details about the spectrometer are presented. First steps of the data analysis process are also discussed.

/pdf/the-n-ball-g-spectrometer-12u22hfd7x.pdf

The ν-ball γ-spectrometer

GALILEO, a new 4 π high-resolution γ -detection array, based on HPGe detectors, has been developed and installed at the Legnaro National Laboratories. The GALILEO array greatly benefits from a fully-digital read-out chain, customized DAQ, and a variety of complementary detectors to improve the resolving power by the detection of particles, ions or high-energy γ -ray transitions. In this work, a full description of the array, including electronics and DAQ, is presented together with its complementary instrumentation.

The GALILEO γ-ray array at the Legnaro National Laboratories

We have studied neutron response of the PARIS phoswich [LaBr\(_3\)(Ce)-NaI(Tl)] detector which is being developed for measuring the high-energy (E\(_{\gamma }\) = 5–30 MeV) \(\gamma \) rays emitted from the decay of highly collective states in atomic nuclei. The relative neutron detection efficiency of LaBr\(_3\)(Ce) and NaI(Tl) crystals of the phoswich detector have been measured using the time-of-flight (TOF) and pulse shape discrimination (PSD) technique in the energy range of E\(_n\) = 1–9 MeV and compared with the GEANT4-based simulations. It has been found that for E\(_n\) > 3 MeV, \(\sim \)95 % of neutrons have the primary interaction in the LaBr\(_3\)(Ce) crystal, indicating that a clear \(\text {n}-\gamma \) separation can be achieved even at \(\sim \)15 cm flight path.

Neutron Response of PARIS Phoswich Detector

In order to understand the performance of the PARIS (Photon Array for the studies with Radioactive Ion and Stable beams) detector, detailed characterization of two individual phoswich (LaBr3(Ce)-NaI(Tl)) elements has been carried out. The detector response is investigated over a wide range of Eγ = 0.6 to 22.6 MeV using radioactive sources and employing 11B(p,γ) reaction at Ep = 163 keV and Ep = 7.2 MeV . The linearity of energy response of the LaBr3(Ce) detector is tested upto 22.6 MeV using three different voltage dividers. The data acquisition system using CAEN digitizers is set up and optimized to get the best energy and time resolution. The energy resolution of ~ 2.1% at Eγ = 22.6 MeV is measured for the configuration giving best linearity up to high energy. Time resolution of the phoswich detector is measured with a 60Co source after implementing CFD algorithm for the digitized pulses and is found to be excellent (FWHM ~ 315 ps). In order to study the effect of count rate on detectors, the centroid position and width of the Eγ = 835 keV peak were measured upto 220 kHz count rate. The measured efficiency data with radioactive sources are in good agreement with GEANT4 based simulations. The total energy spectrum after the add-back of energy signals in phoswich components is also presented.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-0221/11/05/P05023/pdf

Characterization of PARIS LaBr3(Ce)-NaI(Tl) phoswich detectors up to Eγ ∼ 22 MeV

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Characterization of PARIS LaBr3(Ce)-NaI(Tl) phoswich detectors up to Eγ ∼ 22 MeV