Data fusion and machine learning for industrial prognosis: Trends and perspectives towards Industry 4.0

Electrical propulsion is not a novel concept in marine systems. However, the availability of power electronic converters has proved to be the Key Enabling Technology for electrification of large ships. This paper starts with a summary of EP drives, which led to the birth of all-electric ships. Electric power generation and control systems are then presented, which make it possible to exploit the integrated electrical power system. To ease comprehension of the issues in designing such a system, its conventional design process is given. Then, the reasons that are pushing ahead the research in the shipboard power systems sector are discussed. The need for research in the design methods area is demonstrated through an overview of the latest results of technological research. Finally, a summary of the most significant results on the design tools research is given, including early stage design, dependable-oriented design, and the improvements achievable through software simulators and hardware-in-the-loop are discussed. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate why research on design methods is as important as a technological one, on the basis of the needs concerning the design, integration, and management of future “integrated electrical and electronic power systems” (power systems with power conversion quota approaching 100%).

All-Electric Ship Design: From Electrical Propulsion to Integrated Electrical and Electronic Power Systems

Diesel engines are widely used in marine transportation as a direct connection to the propeller and as electrical principal or auxiliary generator sets. The engine is the most critical piece of equipment on a vessel platform; therefore, the engine’s reliability is paramount in order to optimize safety, life cycle costs, and energy of the boat, and hence, vessel availability. In this paper, the improvements of a failure database used for a four-stroke high-speed marine diesel engine are discussed. This type of engine is normally used in military and civil vessels as the main engine of small patrols and yachts and as an auxiliary generator set (GENSET) for larger vessels. This database was assembled by considering “failure modes, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA),” as well as an analysis of the symptoms obtained in an engine failure simulator. The FMECA was performed following the methodology of reliability-centered maintenance (RCM), while the engine response against failures was obtained from a failure simulator based on a thermodynamic one-dimensional model created by the authors, which was adjusted and validated with experimental data. The novelty of this work is the methodology applied, which combines expert knowledge of the asset, the RCM methodology, and the failure simulation to obtain an accurate and reliable database for the prediction of failures, which serves as a key element of a diesel engine failure diagnosis system.

/pdf/improvements-of-a-failure-database-for-marine-diesel-engines-19a5irpisl.pdf

Improvements of a Failure Database for Marine Diesel Engines Using the RCM and Simulations

The marine industry must reduce emissions to comply with recent and future regulations. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are seen as a promising option for efficient power generation on ships with reduced emissions. However, it is unclear how the devices can be integrated and how this affects the operation of the ship economically and environmentally. This paper reviews studies that consider SOFC for marine applications. First, this article discusses noteworthy developments in SOFC systems, including power plant options and fuel possibilities. Next, it presents the design drivers for a marine power plant and explores how an SOFC system performs. Hereafter, the possibilities for integrating the SOFC system with the ship are examined, also considering economic and environmental impact. The review shows unexplored potential to successfully integrate SOFC with thermal and electrical systems in marine vessels. Additionally, it is identified that there are still possibilities to improve marine SOFC systems, for which a holistic approach is needed for design at cell, stack, module, and system level. Nevertheless, it is expected that hybridisation is needed for a technically and economically feasible ship. Despite its high cost, SOFC systems could significantly reduce GHG, NOX, SOX, PM, and noise emissions in shipping.

/pdf/solid-oxide-fuel-cells-for-marine-applications-2dttxktz.pdf

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for Marine Applications

In this article we introduce a generalized form of power Muth distribution, so-called exponentiated power Muth distribution with increasing, decreasing, bathtub and upside-down bathtub shaped hazard rates and investigate its important properties including analytical expression for moments based on generalized integro-exponential function, moment generating function, reliability measures and an uncertainty measure extropy. The maximum likelihood estimation method is used to estimate the parameters of the model and their performance is assessed via simulation study. Finally, the supremacy of the model is illustrated compared to its sub models and some other competing models using eight real data sets from diverse fields.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41096-021-00104-3.pdf

Exponentiated Power Muth Distribution and Associated Inference

The United States Coast Guard has recently investigated new strategies to maintain cutter propulsion diesel engines. Reliability centered maintenance with statistical methods may allow the time between costly scheduled overhauls to be increased. One indicator of engine aging is the number of failures experienced with increasing operating hours. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the failure-time relationship of the ALCO 251 marine diesel propulsion engine operated on Reliance class cutters. This analysis used exponential, Weibull, and three-part composite Weibull failure density functions to model engine casualty data dating back to 1978. The data does not indicate the source of the engine failure, but every failure had a significant operational impact. Results indicate an increasing failure rate as the engine ages to the 24,000 hour overhaul time. The evidence indicates a constant failure useful life region, but the increasing failure rate from the Weibull models suggests that the periodic over-hauls do not prevent wearout failures. As a result, the Coast Guard should consider refining diesel engine overhaul policy in order to prevent increasing age-related failures.

/pdf/statistical-methods-for-planning-diesel-engine-overhauls-in-wz9lcywml7.pdf

Statistical Methods for Planning Diesel Engine Overhauls in the U. S. Coast Guard

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Statistical Methods for Planning Diesel Engine Overhauls in the U. S. Coast Guard