Chinese herbal medicines have been used for the treatment of various diseases for centuries. Although several herbal formulas and herbal components have shown therapeutic potential, the active components and the molecular mechanisms mediating the effects of said formulas remain to be discovered. Microarray analysis has become a widely used tool for the generation of gene expression data on a genome-wide scale. This paper discusses the application of whole genome expression profiling as a tool to investigate the molecular mechanisms governing the therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine. This review also highlights how data derived from DNA microarray analysis can be used to screen for drug targets of various herbal drugs, to predict the therapeutic potential of herbal drugs, to analyze the safety of drugs in the preclinical stage of drug development, and to establish a modern definition of traditional Chinese medicine.

DNA microarray analysis as a tool to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms and drug development of Chinese medicinal herbs

Application of transcriptomics in Chinese herbal medicine studies

Objectives: Banhahoobak-tang has been used to treat plum-pit qi, chest and hypochondriac dis-tension, moist or greasy tongue coat, and wiry slow or wiry slippery pulse. It might be used to control coughing and vomiting. We observed that Banhahoobak-tang extract (BHTe) had anti-psychological stress effect. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of BHTe on restoring the transcrip-tional regulation of genes related to psychological stress. Methods: After giving psychological stress to mice, BHTe was orally administered at 100 mg/kg/day for five days. After extracting whole brain tissue from the mice, the gene expression changes were de-termined by microarray. Transcription factor binding site (TFBS) analysis showed up- and down-regu-lated genes related to psychological stress were protected by BHTe and segregated according to the structure of TFBS. We performed text based Pubmed search to select significant target genes involved in psychological stress affected by BHTe.Results: 1. Serum corticosterone level was decreased in the BHTe administered group, although the psychological stress was increased. 2. The BHTe administered group had no significant change in nora-drenaline content in brain tissue, but the psychological stress group had decreased level. 3. The BHTe administered group had increased time of staying at open-arm than the psychological stress group. 4. Microarray revealed that TANK and RARA genes were up-regulated genes while AES, CDC42, FOS, NCL, and PVR were down-regulated genes by psychological stress but restored by BHTe.Key Words: Banhahoobak-tang extract (BHTe), Psychological stress, Anti-anxiety effect, Microarray.

Effect of Banhahoobak-tang (Banxiahoupo-tang) Extract (BHTe) on Psychological Stress

Objectives：In the theory of Korean medicine, Pear has long been considered to protect throat, bronchus and lung. Pear has been believed to remove sputum in Korean people. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of pear ethanol extract (PEE) on asthma induced by ovalbumin in mice. Methods：We investigated the effects of PEE on airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, production levels of ovalbumin (OVA) specific total immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgG1, IgG2a and IgE in serum and histopathological changes of lung tissues in asthamtic mice. Results：PEE decreased airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine significantly compared to non-treated asthmatic mice (P<0.05). Level of OVA specific IgE in serum was lowered by oral administration of PEE effectively (P<0.05). In histopathological observation, adminis tration of PEE reduced infiltration of immune cells into lung tissue. Conclusion：These results suggest that pear has anti-asthmaitc action and related mechanims are involved in anti-inflammatory action such as reducing level of OVA specific IgE and immune cell infiltration.Key words：Pear, IgE, airway hyperresponsiveness, anti-inflammation, Asthm a

https://www.koreascience.or.kr:443/article/JAKO201208040009954.pdf

Effects of pear ethanol extract on asthma induced by ovalbumin in mice

Purpose: To study the differences in lipid-soluble compounds from naturally-fermented Rhizoma Pinelliae fermentata (BXQ) samples, and fermentation products of BXQ using pure cultures of Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger, and Meyerozyma guillermondii.
Methods: First, unfermented BXQ (CTFJ-Q), traditional, naturally-fermented BXQ (CTFJ-H), and fermentation products of BXQ using pure cultures of Bacillus subtilis (XJFJ), Aspergillus niger (MJFJ), and Meyerozyma guillermondii (JMJFJ) were obtained. Their lipid-soluble components were then analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology and principal component analysis (PCA).
Results: GC-MS results showed that there were 26, 24, 27, 31 and 32 types of chemical components in CTFJ-Q, CTFJ-H, XJFJ, MJFJ and JMJFJ, respectively. Furthermore, PCA revealed that samples obtained using fermentation with pure cultures of the three microorganisms had unique chemical components.
Conclusion: These results suggest that the microorganisms used for fermentation greatly influence the lipid-soluble components of BXQ. This finding is considered beneficial for the optimization of BXQ fermentation process.

/pdf/gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry-analysis-of-principal-hfqgqi2ez7.pdf

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of principal lipid-soluble components of Pinellia ternate fermented with Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Meyerozyma guillermondii

Psychological stress is known to induce many physiological changes including the induction of stress-related hormone and the reduction of immune function in humans and animals [1, 2]. Pinelliae Rhizoma has traditionally been used as an anti-depressant in Asian Traditional medicine [3]; therefore, in this study, the effect of Pinelliae Rhizoma extract (PRe) on psychological stress was investigated in mice. The results of an elevated plus-maze experiment revealed that application of psychological stress to mice using the communication box method led to the development of an abnormal behavioral pattern. However, oral administration of PRe significantly reduced the abnormal behavior of mice with recovery rate of 75.5%. To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which PRe reduced psychological stress, a microarray analysis of the brains of mice was conducted. The results of this analysis revealed that 456 genes were up-regulated and 392 genes were down-regulated in response to psychological stress. A comparison of the genes that were altered in response to physical or psychological stress revealed a significant correlation between the two types of stress. Furthermore, the expression of most of the genes that were altered in response to stress was restored to normal levels in PRe treated mice, with a recovery rate of 81.5% and 85.2% being observed for up- and down-regulated genes, respectively (Fig.1). References: 1. Oishi, K. et al. (2003) Stress 6(1):33–40. 2. McEwen, BS. (2008) Eur J Pharmacol 583(2–3):174–85. 3. Yoon, JS. et al. (2006) Am J Chin Med 34(3):401–8.

Genome wide expression analysis of the effect of Pinelliae Rhizoma extract on psychological stress

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of alcoholic fermentation beverage using pear, Bae Ro Mi In (BRMI) on airway hyperresponsiveness and immunoglobulin production in asthmatic mice Methods : We investigated the effects of BRMI on airway hyperresponsiveness by measurement of enhanced pause (Penh), and also investigated the effects on production levels of antigen specific antibody and subclasses such as IgG1, IgG2a and IgE by using ELISA methods. Prednisolone (PD, 5 mg/kg) was used as positive control. Results : Treatment with BRMI did not lowered airway hyperresponsiveness, but PD lowered significantly. Oral administration of BRMI lowered production level of ovalbumin (OVA) specific total antibody significantly. Especially, BRMI decreased IgE levels compared to non-treated control effectively. Treatment with PD lowered production levels of total antibody, IgG1 and IgE. Conclusions : These result suggest that BRMI can lower production levels of antigen specific total antibody and IgE in asthmatic mice. We also suggest that BRMI has the possibility to prevent or cure asthma through regulation of antigen specific antibody production.

Effects of pear alcoholic fermentation beverage on airway hyperresponsiveness and immunoglobulin production in asthmatic mice

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

C Lim

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Genome wide expression analysis of the effect of Pinelliae Rhizoma extract on psychological stress

Effects of pear alcoholic fermentation beverage on airway hyperresponsiveness and immunoglobulin production in asthmatic mice