Subsurface carbon dioxide and hydrogen storage for a sustainable energy future

applications such as smart cards can aid the users of public transport, and the provision of an effective flow of information to the public on traffic flows can also enable commuters to plan their trips more effectively. But it should be made clear that more fundamental problems, such as the inadequacy of public transport systems in many cities, cannot be compensated for by the new technologies. It is essential, therefore, to contextualize the potential contribution of ICTso that policy-makers are fully aware of the limitations of these technologies for solving fundamental problems. I doubt, for example, if the authors fully intended to suggest that the application of telematics in the area of health care would mean that ‘‘you no longer need to go to the doctor for any complaint’’ (p. 13). The rapidity of change in the area of ICTwill always mean that the time needed to produce a publication will result in some views appearing as outdated. The downturn in the telecommunications sector in particular, and in the ICT sector generally, is not addressed because much of the text appears to have been written in 1999. The significant impact of this downturn raises questions about some of the commentary in relation to telecommunications. Despite the limitations of this research report, however, it provides a very useful guide for policy-makers involved in urban management and will also provide useful empirical background for researchers in the ICTarea.

Wind Power in View: Energy Landscapes in a Crowded World

http://www.cell.com/article/S2590332223002075/pdf

Net-zero emissions chemical industry in a world of limited resources

Environmental management of industrial decarbonization with focus on chemical sectors: A review.

By synthetically producing nitrogen fertilizers from ammonia (NH3), the Haber–Bosch process has been feeding humanity for more than one hundred years. However, current NH3 production relies on fossil fuels, and is energy and carbon intensive. This commits humanity to emissions levels not compatible with climate goals and commits agricultural production to fossil fuels dependency. Here, we quantify food and energy implications of transitioning nitrogen fertilizers to net-zero CO2 emissions. We find that 1.07 billion people are fed from food produced from imported nitrogen fertilizers. An additional 710 million people are fed from imported natural gas feedstocks used for fertilizers production, meaning that 1.78 billion people per year are fed from imports of either fertilizers or natural gas. These findings highlight the reliance of global food production on trading and fossil fuels, hence its vulnerability to supply and energy shocks. However, alternative routes to achieve net-zero emissions in NH3 production exist, which are based on carbon capture and storage, electrification, and biomass. These routes comply with climate targets while mitigating the risks associated with food security. Yet, they require more land, energy, and water than business-as-usual production, exacerbating land and water scarcity and the use of limited natural resources. Transitioning fertilizers to net-zero emissions can contribute to climate and food security goals, although water, land, and energy trade-offs should be considered.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aca815/pdf

Energy and food security implications of transitioning synthetic nitrogen fertilizers to net-zero emissions

Carbon Capture and Storage at industrial processes (industrial CCS) is expected to play an important role in reducing industrial CO2 emissions in the short term. Industrial CCS involves capturing CO2 from industrial processes, such as steel and cement making, and storing the CO2 underground. This study examined the public opinion of industrial CCS through an informed opinion survey in the Netherlands (N = 987) and the United Kingdom (UK; N = 974). On average, respondents were neutral to slightly positive about the implementation of industrial CCS in their country. UK respondents were slightly more positive (M = 4.66 on a 7-point scale) than Dutch respondents (M = 4.38). Awareness and perceived knowledge levels were somewhat higher in the Netherlands than in the UK. In both countries, perceived outcomes of industrial CCS (e.g. for climate change; safety; employment) were strongly associated with industrial CCS opinion, when compared to socio-demographics, proximity to industry (actual and perceived), and psychological variables. Differences between countries in outcome perceptions occur. For example, the safety of CO2 transport is a larger concern in the Netherlands than in the UK, while cost-control is a larger concern in the UK than in the Netherlands. These findings suggest that the national context for CCS implementation matters. Our research suggests that public engagement strategies will benefit from focusing on the economic and climate impacts of industrial CCS, as well as from building trust in industry and addressing perceived safety concerns surrounding different aspects of industrial CCS.

How do people perceive carbon capture and storage for industrial processes? Examining factors underlying public opinion in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom

Decarbonising steel production using CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS): Results of focus group discussions in a Welsh steel-making community

Community compensation in the context of Carbon Capture and Storage: Current debates and practices

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How do people perceive carbon capture and storage for industrial processes? Examining factors underlying public opinion in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom

Decarbonising steel production using CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS): Results of focus group discussions in a Welsh steel-making community

Community compensation in the context of Carbon Capture and Storage: Current debates and practices