Detailed questioning of 50 patients with uncomplicated migraine has shown that 17 had symptoms that preceded the headache phase by several hours. These prodromes consisted of changes in mood, behaviour, wakefulness, appetite, bowel activity, or fluid balance. The term "complete migraine" is proposed for attacks that include prodromal symptoms, whose occurrence implies an initial diffuse cerebral or hypothalamic disturbance.

https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/281/6241/658.full.pdf

Migraine prodromes separated from the aura: complete migraine.

This paper describes 110 applications of decision analysis to health care. Each paper is characterized according to the particular problem it addresses and the methods employed in the application. These applications span 15 years of study and are reported in a widely dispersed literature. Nearly half of the published articles appear in journals with a medical audience and more than 25% of the studies remain unpublished. The major areas of application identified in this review have been the evaluation of alternatives in treatment and health policy planning. Studies discussing conceptual issues in the application of decision analysis represent a substantial portion of those identified. Almost equal numbers of applications involve the use of single and multiattribute utilities in scaling decision outcomes and relatively few apply to group utilities. General discussions of decision analysis methods and applications focused on probability assessments/analyses represent the other major categories of studies cited.

An annotated bibliography of decision analytic applications to health care.

Assessing quality of life and preferences in the seriously ill using utility theory.

The potential application of computers for recording and analysing patient data has been recognised for many years,-1 1 though widespread use has been hampered by practical factorsin particular, cost and dependence on monolithic centralised systems. Nevertheless, the considerably reduced price, compact size, and simplified handling of the newer "micro" computers based on the microprocessor promise to revolutionise medical care.'2 We describe an interactive system for acquiring a full patient history at the time of the first antenatal visit (booking visit).

https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/283/6290/533.full.pdf

Microcomputers in antenatal care: a feasibility study on the booking interview.

Problems and pitfalls of risk assessment in antenatal care

A decision maker was presented with three states of health, such that an imaginary patient was in the middle state while the two other states could be described as more preferred and less preferred. The decision maker was then asked to choose the minimal odds at which he would advise an operation which would result in success, the patient moving into the more preferred state, or failure, the patient moving into the less preferred state. Eight decision makers were tested in this way and each made 24 such wagers on a set of three states chosen from a total set of eight; each of these states differed unidimen sionally only in the visual acuity of the remaining eye in the imaginary patient. If the utility of I is arbitrarily assigned to the state of perfect vision, and the utility of 0 to the state of non-perception of light, estimates of the utilities of the intervening states can then be made. The utility function for each decision maker was constructed and was found to be linear against the logarithm of the visual acuity. From this it follows that if all decision makers, e.g. ophthalmic surgeons, show such linearity, they will all choose the same odds before deciding whether to operate and these odds are independent of the utilities which the individual decision maker attaches to the different states of health.

Utility estimation of a set of states of health.

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Utility estimation of a set of states of health.