Qualified presumption of safety (QPS) was developed to provide a generic safety evaluation for biological agents to support EFSA's Scientific Panels. The taxonomic identity, body of knowledge, safety concerns and antimicrobial resistance are assessed. Safety concerns identified for a taxonomic unit (TU) are where possible to be confirmed at strain or product level, reflected by 'qualifications'. No new information was found that would change the previously recommended QPS TUs and their qualifications. The list of microorganisms notified to EFSA was updated with 54 biological agents, received between April and September 2019; 23 already had QPS status, 14 were excluded from the QPS exercise (7 filamentous fungi, 6 Escherichia coli, Sphingomonas paucimobilis which was already evaluated). Seventeen, corresponding to 16 TUs, were evaluated for possible QPS status, fourteen of these for the first time, and Protaminobacter rubrum, evaluated previously, was excluded because it is not a valid species. Eight TUs are recommended for QPS status. Lactobacillus parafarraginis and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii are recommended to be included in the QPS list. Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius and Paenibacillus illinoisensis can be recommended for the QPS list with the qualification 'for production purposes only' and absence of toxigenic potential. Bacillus velezensis can be recommended for the QPS list with the qualification 'absence of toxigenic potential and the absence of aminoglycoside production ability'. Cupriavidus necator, Aurantiochytrium limacinum and Tetraselmis chuii can be recommended for the QPS list with the qualification 'production purposes only'. Pantoea ananatis is not recommended for the QPS list due to lack of body of knowledge in relation to its pathogenicity potential for plants. Corynebacterium stationis, Hamamotoa singularis, Rhodococcus aetherivorans and Rhodococcus ruber cannot be recommended for the QPS list due to lack of body of knowledge. Kodamaea ohmeri cannot be recommended for the QPS list due to safety concerns.

https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2020.5965

Update of the list of QPS-recommended biological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA 13: suitability of taxonomic units notified to EFSA until September 2020.

3 – Crustacean Disease Responses

Hemocyanin is a copper-containing protein that transports O2 in the hemolymph of many arthropod species. Within the crustaceans, hemocyanin appeared to be restricted to Malacostraca but has recently been identified in Remipedia. Here, we report the occurrence of hemocyanin in ostracods, indicating that this respiratory protein is more widespread within crustaceans than previously thought. By analyses of expressed sequence tags and by RT-PCR, we obtained four full length and nine partial hemocyanin sequences from six of ten investigated ostracod species. Hemocyanin was identified in Myodocopida (Actinoseta jonesi, Cypridininae sp., Euphilomedes morini, Skogsbergia lerneri, Vargula tsujii) and Platycopida (Cytherelloidea californica) but not in Podocopida. We found no evidence for the presence of hemoglobin in any of these ostracod species. Like in other arthropods, we identified multiple hemocyanin subunits (up to six) to occur in a single ostracod species. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses showed that ostracod hemocyanin subunit diversity evolved independently from that of other crustaceans. Ostracod hemocyanin subunits were found paraphyletic, with myodocopid and platycopid subunits forming distinct clades within those of the crustaceans. This pattern suggests that ostracod hemocyanins originated from distinct subunits in the pancrustacean stemline.

/pdf/occurrence-of-hemocyanin-in-ostracod-crustaceans-3rpcg1ow7p.pdf

Occurrence of hemocyanin in ostracod crustaceans.

In this study, the gene encoding hemocyanin subunit L, LvHcL, was cloned from Litopenaeus vannamei and the genomic organization was characterized. This gene was diverse with many SNPs and also had at least four isoforms, while one of them (LvHcL4) only had two exons and the exon2 was missed. Transcription analysis showed that these isoforms of LvHcL were up-regulated after WSSV challenge in WSSV-resistant shrimp, while the transcriptions were decreased constantly in WSSV-susceptible shrimp. It is suggested that the hemocyanin had rich polymorphism and was involved in the antiviral response. These results could extend our previous findings and provide insights into the immune feature of hemocyanin, which would be helpful for further studies aimed at antiviral mechanism in invertebrate.

Characterization of four hemocyanin isoforms in Litopenaeus vannamei

Update of the list of QPS‐recommended biological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA 6: suitability of taxonomic units notified to EFSA until March 2017

1. 1. One protein fraction of the blood of Sacculina carcini has common antigenic determinants with a fraction from the host's blood. 2. 2. This fraction is revealed by an anti-haemocyanin serum. It has a maximal absorbance near 345 nm, reacts positively with the copper reagents and presents a peroxydasic activity, all characters of haemocyanin. 3. 3. This fraction has a different electrophoretic mobility from that of the haemocyanin of the crab. 4. 4. It appears that these two proteins are different. 5. 5. Hypotheses are made concerning the origin of the Sacculina haemocyanin.

Occurrence of haemocyanin in the rhizocephalan crustacea sacculina carcini thompson

An immunochemical analysis of the proteins of the serum and hypodermis of healthy male Carcinus mediterraneus revealed variations during the moult cycle. In the hemolymph two groups of proteins app...

Erratum: Variations des protéines de l'hémolymphe et de l'hypoderme au cours du cycle de mue chez Carcinus mediterraneus Czerniavsky: analyses électrophorétique et immunochimique

The seric and epidermic proteins of parasitized Carcinus maenas were analyzed by immunochemical methods before the exit of the Sacculina. Four groups were observed in healthy crabs. Some proteins s...

Influence du parasite Sacculina carcini Thompson au début de son développement sur les fractions hémolymphatiques et épidermiques du crabe Carcinus maenas Linné

We have performed electrophoretic, immunochemical, and immunoautoradiographic analyses of vitellin proteins from the ovary and hemolymph of healthy crabs of the species Carcinus maenas during vitellogenesis The same study was performed in parasitized crabs and in the parasite, Sacculina carcini In unparasitized crabs, there are two vitellin proteins in the ovary They are immunologically similar, but their electrophoretic mobility is different One (primary vitellin) is synthesized in the ovary throughout the ovarian cycle The other (secondary vitellin) exists in the ovary only during secondary vitellogenesis and is partially of endogenous origin From primary vitellogenesis, we observed in the hemolymph only one vitellogenic protein, homologous to secondary vitellin, of which it is the exogenous precursor The ovary and hemolymph of parasitized crabs contain the same proteins as those of unparasitized females during primary vitellogenesis The large quantities of these proteins, observed when the ovar

Étude des protéines vitellines de l'hémolymphe et de l'ovaire chez le Crustacé Décapode Carcinus maenas; incidence du parasite Sacculina carcini (Crustacé Rhizocéphale)

The serum and epidermal proteins of healthy crabs and parasitized crabs at various stages of infestation by Sacculina carcini have been compared. All protein groups of healthy crabs were found in s...

Métabolisme protéique et parasitisme chez le crabe Carcinus maenas. Effets de Sacculina carcini (Crustacé, Rhizocéphale) sur les protéines sériques et épidermiques de l'hôte

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

C. Herberts

Author Tools

Chat about Author