Naturally occurring quinones as potential bioreductive alkylating agents

Die beiden Calebassen-Alkaloide Fluorocurin und Mavacurin wurden einer eingehenden chemischen Untersuchung unterzogen. Die dabei erhaltenen Abbau- und Umwandlungsprodukte erlauben die Aufstellung von Konstitutionsformeln, welche alle bisher gemachten Beobachtungen widerspruchslos zu deuten vermogen. In diesen Strukturformeln konnte aber die Lage der in den beiden Alkaloiden vorhandenen alkoholischen Hydroxylgruppe noch nicht fixiert werden.

Zur Kenntnis des Fluorocurins und Mavacurins. 15. Mitteilung über Curare‐Alkaloide aus Calebassen

Aus Fliegenpilzen wurde das quaternare Alkaloid Muscarin in reiner, kristallisierter Form isoliert (Chlorid, Chloroaurat, Reineckat). Analysen fuhrten zur Formel C9H20O2N+. Die Strukturen I und II wurden durch Abbauversuche uberpruft und widerlegt.

Über Muscarin aus Fliegenpilzen. 2. Mitteilung über Muscarin

Fur Coleon A, das Hauptpigment aus den Blattern von Coleus igniarius SCHWEINF. (Labiatae), wird die Struktur I bewiesen. Es wird die Vermutung ausgesprochen, dass es biogenetisch ein hoch oxydiertes Derivat eines 1,10-seco-Diterpens der Abietanreihe vorstellt. Zur Festlegung der relativen Substituentenanordnung im Chinonteil hat sich die Methode der Uberfuhrung in Indenoncarbonsauren als geeignet erwiesen. Neben Coleon A und B sind die optisch aktiven Coleus-Substanzen C und D, beide C30H50O, isoliert worden. Es wird auf die Tatsache hingewiesen, dass oxydierte und modifizierte Diterpene bisher vor allem in Vertretern der Labiaten aufgefunden worden sind.

Struktur von Coleon F

Yeheb is a shrub endemic to the Horn of Africa. It is adapted to hot and xeric environments and known to be resistant to insect herbivores. We analysed volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the headspace of vegetative branches (VBs) and flowering branches (FBs), stored terpenoids from leaf and bark extracts and foliar total phenolics. Isoprene was the dominant compound in the headspace. In total, 66 VOCs were identified, but only a few stored terpenes were detected. Isoprene and monoterpene emissions from FBs were at levels of 24.0 and 5.12 μg/g dw (dry weight)/h, respectively. A total of 30 compounds were emitted at significantly higher rates from FBs than from VBs. The emission of large quantities of a diverse range of VOCs and the presence of high levels of total phenolics in this plant may be attributed to its defence strategy against both abiotic and biotic stresses in arid environments. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Diversity of volatile organic compound emissions from flowering and vegetative branches of Yeheb, Cordeauxia edulis (Caesalpiniaceae), a threatened evergreen desert shrub

Aus den Blattern der afrikanischen Pflanze Cordeauxia edulis (Hemsl.) wurde der in Farbstoffdrusen enthaltene rote Farbstoff in kristallisierter Form isoliert. Es handelt sich bei diesem um ein p-Naphtochinonderivat und zwar ein substituiertes Naphtazarin, dessen Konstitution durch Abbau im Sinne der Formel III weitgehend aufgeklart worden ist. Das Pigment hat die Bezeichnung Cordeauxiachinon erhalten.

Cordeauxiachinon, ein Blattfarbstoff aus Cordeauxia edulis

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Cordeauxiachinon, ein Blattfarbstoff aus Cordeauxia edulis