A golden age for heavy-quarkonium physics dawned a decade ago, initiated by the confluence of exciting advances in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and an explosion of related experimental activity. The early years of this period were chronicled in the Quarkonium Working Group (QWG) CERN Yellow Report (YR) in 2004, which presented a comprehensive review of the status of the field at that time and provided specific recommendations for further progress. However, the broad spectrum of subsequent breakthroughs, surprises, and continuing puzzles could only be partially anticipated. Since the release of the YR, the BESII program concluded only to give birth to BESIII; the B-factories and CLEO-c flourished; quarkonium production and polarization measurements at HERA and the Tevatron matured; and heavy-ion collisions at RHIC have opened a window on the deconfinement regime. All these experiments leave legacies of quality, precision, and unsolved mysteries for quarkonium physics, and therefore beg for continuing investigations at BESIII, the LHC, RHIC, FAIR, the Super Flavor and/or Tau-Charm factories, JLab, the ILC, and beyond. The list of newly found conventional states expanded to include h(c)(1P), chi(c2)(2P), B-c(+), and eta(b)(1S). In addition, the unexpected and still-fascinating X(3872) has been joined by more than a dozen other charmonium- and bottomonium-like "XYZ" states that appear to lie outside the quark model. Many of these still need experimental confirmation. The plethora of new states unleashed a flood of theoretical investigations into new forms of matter such as quark-gluon hybrids, mesonic molecules, and tetraquarks. Measurements of the spectroscopy, decays, production, and in-medium behavior of c (c) over bar, b (b) over bar, and b (c) over bar bound states have been shown to validate some theoretical approaches to QCD and highlight lack of quantitative success for others. Lattice QCD has grown from a tool with computational possibilities to an industrial-strength effort now dependent more on insight and innovation than pure computational power. New effective field theories for the description of quarkonium in different regimes have been developed and brought to a high degree of sophistication, thus enabling precise and solid theoretical predictions. Many expected decays and transitions have either been measured with precision or for the first time, but the confusing patterns of decays, both above and below open-flavor thresholds, endure and have deepened. The intriguing details of quarkonium suppression in heavy-ion collisions that have emerged from RHIC have elevated the importance of separating hot- and cold-nuclear-matter effects in quark-gluon plasma studies. This review systematically addresses all these matters and concludes by prioritizing directions for ongoing and future efforts.

/pdf/heavy-quarkonium-progress-puzzles-and-opportunities-2tru0l8jyp.pdf

Heavy quarkonium: progress, puzzles, and opportunities

Measurements of ψ(3097) and ψ′(3686) branching fractions for selected hadronic decays are presented The ratio of ψ′ to ψ branching fractions for these decays is consistent with the ratio of branching fractions to lepton pairs, with the exception of the decays to pπ and K*K for which this ratio is substantially smaller © 1983 The American Physical Society

/pdf/measurement-of-ps-3097-and-ps-3686-decays-into-selected-x2j5pssl0y.pdf

Measurement of ψ(3097) and ψ'(3686) Decays into Selected Hadronic Modes

/pdf/inclusive-baryon-production-in-e-e-annihilation-2vxxd5ibcn.pdf

Inclusive Baryon Production in e + e - Annihilation

From a study of 2.7 x 10W J/psi decays with the Mark III detector at the SLAC storage ring SPEAR, we determine branching ratios for decays of the eta/sub c/ to eta , K K/sub S/, , K K , pp-bar, the previously unobserved modes eta , K K , K-bar /sup asterisk0/K , K/sup asterisk0/K /sup asterisk0/, and new upper limits on rhorho, , delta , A2 , feta, and etaKK. When combined, the different measurements of the eta/sub c/ mass yield 2980.2 +- 1.6 MeV/cS. In the decays eta/sub c/ vector+vector, a strong increase of the decay rate with the number of strange quarks in the final state is observed.

Hadronic decay of the etac(2980).

New results are obtained for the decays J/psi..--> pi../sup +/..pi../sup -/ and J/psi..-->..K/sup +/K/sup -/. The first observation of the decay J/psi..-->..K/sub S//sup 0/K/sub L//sup 0/ is reported. Branching ratios are measured to be (1.58 +- 0.20 +- 0.15) x 10/sup -4/, (2.39 +- 0.24 +- 0.22) x 10/sup -4/, and (1.01 +- 0.16 +- 0.09) x 10/sup -4/, respectively. The corresponding electromagnetic form factors are Vertical BarF +- Vertical Bar/sup 2/ = (11.9 +- 1.5 +- 0. 9) x 10/sup -3/ and Vertical BarF/sub K//sup + -/Vertical Bar/sup 2/ = (20.9 +- 2.1 +- 1. 5) x 10/sup -3/. The K/sub S//sup 0/-K/sub L//sup 0/ transition form factor Vertical BarF/sub K//sub s//sup 0/..-->..K/sub L//sup 0/Vertical Bar /sup 2/ = (8.9 +- 1.4 +- 0.5) x 10/sup -3/ is obtained. A 90%-confidence-level upper limit of 5.2 x 10/sup -6/ is given for the branching ratio for the decay J/psi..-->..K/sub S//sup 0/K/sub S//sup 0/. These form factors are substantially larger than expectations based on vector dominance and indicate large SU/sub 3/-symmetry-breaking effects.

Decays of the J/psi into two pseudoscalar mesons

*Results of studies of radiative decays of the #(3684) using ‘the SLAC-LBL magnetic detector at the electron storage ring SPEAR are presented. There are three high mass states produced in $(3684) radiative decays, with masses of 3414 i 3, 3503 rt 4, and 355 1 h 4 MeV where the errors given do not include an overall mass scale uncertainty of ~4 MeV. There is some evidence for a fourth such state at either 3455 or 3340 MeV. The branching ratio for +(3684) radiative decay into the state at 3414 MeV is found to be 7.5 rt 2.6%. The decay modes of these states into hadrons and into y $(3095) are studied, yielding information about the branching ratios, spins, and parities of the states. The results are interpreted in the charmonium picture of the high mass states.

/pdf/radiative-decays-of-the-psi-3684-into-high-mass-states-iy9bsjvswy.pdf

Radiative decays of the psi (3684) into high-mass states

We present branching ratios for several mesonic decay modes of the psi (3095). The two-body and quasi-two-body final states have branching ratios that follow the general pattern of behavior expected for the decay of an SU(3) singlet via an SU(3) -symmetric interaction. The ..pi../sup +/..pi../sup -/ and K/sup +/K/sup -/ mass spectra in ..omega pi pi.., ..omega..KK, phi..pi pi.., and phiKK final states show remarkable differences that are most readily interpretable in terms of the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka rule.

/pdf/mesonic-decays-of-the-ps-3095-3hpa6zckou.pdf

Mesonic decays of the ψ(3095)

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Radiative decays of the psi (3684) into high-mass states

Mesonic decays of the ψ(3095)