[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

This paper aims to investigate the copper and the magnesium effects on the microstructure, on the hardness, and on the resistance to micro-abrasive wear of the alloy Al–19Si. Early findings could show that the hypereutectic Al–Si alloys fabricated by centrifugal casting exhibited the possibility of obtaining a Functionally Graded Material (FGM), as well as the less-dense particles tended to be concentrated in the region close to the tube inner surface. It was observed that the wear resistance in this region was increased by the concentration of primary Si and Mg2Si particles due to their smaller densities than that of the Al. Also, the Cu and Mg were added in contents of 2.5 and 5% by weight. Moreover, this study focused on understanding the radial β-Si and Mg2Si particles migration in the Al–19Si alloy tubes and their effect on hardness and wear resistance. Firstly, a large quantity of primary Si and Mg2Si particles were concentrated in the inner layer of the tubes produced by centrifugal casting in the alloys Al–19Si, Al–19Si–2.5Cu–2.5Mg and Al–19Si–5Cu–5Mg. After that, the hardness increase was related to the number of primary particles presented in this tube region. Therefore, the segregation of the primary particles towards the inner surface of the tube was more pronounced in the casting end region and the wear resistance was also related to the presence of the primary particles. However, an excessive number of primary particles accumulated near this region could lead to higher wear due to the higher particles tearing.

Effect of Mg and Cu on microstructure, hardness and wear on functionally graded Al–19Si alloy prepared by centrifugal casting

This work aimed to obtain by extrusion two aluminum alloys, 7108 and 7046. The microstructural characterized at each stage of the manufacturing process and the mechanical fatigue behavior of the extruded profile were evaluated. The aluminum alloys in the as-casted condition exhibited an interdendritic microsegregation inside the grains, with intermetallic phases precipitated on the grain boundaries. In the homogenization of the billets of the AA7108 and AA7046, the precipitated phases dissolved. The AA 7046, in the as-casted condition, displayed shrinkage microvoids throughout the length of the billet and a microstructure of heterogeneous grains, with the presence of a remelted layer at a maximum depth of 10 mm. The AA7046 displayed better tensile and fatigue properties than the AA7108. A higher surface roughness facilitated the initiation and propagation of cracks during the fatigue cycles. This effect was more pronounced with low levels of maximum stress and high number of cycles to failure. Deep secondary cracks perpendicular to the growth direction of the main crack were visible on all fracture surfaces. In the medium and high cycle fatigue tests of the AA7108 and AA7046, the cracks advanced in a perpendicular direction to the elongated grains resulting from the extrusion process. The fracture surfaces of the tested samples with a high number of cycles exhibited a region with a smaller crack propagation area and a larger region of rupture due to mechanical overload. The region of crack propagation is characterized by plastic deformation and the presence of striations perpendicular to the growth direction.

Microstructure and fatigue properties of extruded aluminum alloys 7046 and 7108 for automotive applications

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are specially designed composite materials that gradually change their material properties. This distinctive property of materials comes with new challenges in the design and manufacturing sector. For such challenges, the best options are material property computation and material modelling using different computational materials science (CMS) algorithms. This review paper provides enriched information on CMS with an overview of the available FGM production techniques with a detailed study of FGM use in biomedical applications based on the available literature over the past couple of decades.

Functionally graded materials: A review of computational materials science algorithms, production techniques, and their biomedical applications

Slippery liquid-infused surfaces (SLISs) are developed as a potential alternative to superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) to resolve the issues of poor durability in corrosion protection and wear resistance. In this work, we used a simple laser processing technology to prepare a SLIS on the aluminum alloy (7075) surface. The superhydrophobicities of the modified surface and the oil film formed by liquid injection make the corrosive medium difficult to directly contact the surface and thus have a significant effect on corrosion resistance. The water and oil repellent SLIS exhibits durable corrosion resistance and excellent tribological properties compared with the SHS. The anticorrosion and wear resistance performances provided by the composite film have been assessed by multiple methods including the electrochemical test, immersion test, and friction wear test. The results indicate that compared to the bare surface, laser-ablated surface (LAS), and fluoroalkyl silane-modified SHS, the SLIS composite coating has better corrosion resistance and wear resistance, which is of great significance to expand the potential applications of 7075 aluminum alloys. The work provides a research basis for expanding the practical application of SLISs in complex environments.

Laser-Induced Slippery Liquid-Infused Surfaces with Anticorrosion and Wear Resistance Properties on Aluminum Alloy Substrates

Hypereutectic Al-Si alloys can be used in applications that require high wear resistance. Such wear resistance is achieved by the presence of hard primary silicon particles, allied to the formation of Mg2Si intermetallic phase when magnesium is added in this alloy. Centrifugal casting generates a gradient in the microstructure of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys that can favor such applications. Cylindrical components of Al-19%Si alloy containing added copper and magnesium contents were processed by centrifugal casting. The purpose of this study is to investigate the formation and segregation of particles of primary silicon (β) and Mg2Si in Al-19%Si alloy containing additions of copper and magnesium. Because the density of silicon (2.33 g/cm3) and Mg2Si (1.88 g/cm3) is lower than that of aluminum (2.67 g/cm3), centrifugal casting causes primary silicon (β) and Mg2Si particles to concentrate more at the outer wall of the centrifuged pipe. In this study, primary silicon (β) and Mg2Si particles were found to be retained at the outer wall of the pipe. It is believed that the rapid cooling of the molten metal in the region of contact with the mold, whose temperature is lower than that of the molten metal, allied to the centrifugal force, prevented the particles from migrating to the inner wall of the pipe. The microstructure shows a gradient in the distribution of these phases, enabling the production of a functionally graded material. The addition of copper and magnesium leads to the formation of Mg2Si and Al5Cu2Mg8Si6 phases, reducing the amount of primary β phase (Si) particles. In all the evaluated conditions, a tendency is also observed for a gradual increase in the segregation of silicon towards the inner wall along the entire length of the centrifuged pipe.

Effect of Copper and Magnesium on the Microstructure of Centrifugally Cast Al-19%Si Alloys

Aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys have been widely used as extruded products due to its mechanical strength and high ductility. The effects induced by shot peening has been extensively used in materials that have potential for structural applications. In this context, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the residual stress induced by shot peening of extruded aluminum alloy 6082. Initially, the effect of heat treatments such as solution treatment and ageing of this alloy was studied. The residual stress measurements were carried out using x-ray diffraction. The microstructure of the alloy was studied by optical microscopy. The crystallographic texture was determined using x-ray diffraction and back-scattered electron diffraction. The heat treatment sequence that resulted in the highest hardness of Al alloy 6082 was solution treatment at 560oC for 30 min, followed by ageing at 185oC for 5 h. The residual stress in compression of the extruded alloy’s surface increased by 87.38%, from-66.6 to-124.8 MPa, caused by shot peening. The residual stress profile indicated an increase in its value up to a depth of 86 μm, beyond which the values obtained were unreliable. The extruded section revealed accentuated crystallographic texture in the (111) plane parallel to the cross-section and in the (200) and (220) planes oriented preferentially in the longitudinal direction to extrusion and perpendicular to the (111) plane.

Evaluation of the residual stress and microstructure of extruded and shot peened aluminum alloy 6082

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Papers

Effect of Mg and Cu on microstructure, hardness and wear on functionally graded Al–19Si alloy prepared by centrifugal casting

Effect of Copper and Magnesium on the Microstructure of Centrifugally Cast Al-19%Si Alloys

Evaluation of the residual stress and microstructure of extruded and shot peened aluminum alloy 6082