■Barriers to modal shift can be considered under three main categories: “hard” factors, “soft” factors and complementary factors. For many trips, the main barriers to modal shift will be hard factors such as the cost, time and reliability of travelling by public transport. In some places the gap between car and public transport accessibility is set to grow further so public transport initiatives need to be targeted and realistic.

Barriers to modal shift

This paper uses evidence from the European Union's DRIVE II telematics research programme ROMANSE, to assess the contribution of transport telematics (TT) to urban transport policy. Technology contributes to achieving all the main urban transport policy objectives, but TT's contributions to them may be more selective. TT systems and services may be classified by their functions: (1) traffic and vehicle control; (2) tracking, vehicle location, and vehicle identification; (3) pricing, ticketing, and booking; (4) navigation and guidance; and (5) information provision. The following policy issues are discussed: (1) the role of government in relation to TT implementation; (2) some potential problems of TT from a policy perspective; and (3) TT and equity issues. The measurement of benefits of information in ROMANSE is considered. Evidence from ROMANSE and other similar projects shows that telematics has potential benefits, but that its evaluation procedures must be reassessed to optimise these benefits. TT systems could help to implement some existing policy instruments, bring new dimensions to transport policy, especially in information provision, guidance, pricing, and ticketing, and also bring new benefits to travellers.

The role of telematics in contributing to urban transport policy objectives

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The role of telematics in contributing to urban transport policy objectives