Non-intersecting diagnostic devices in hadron accelerators offer continuous online monitoring capability. They also avoid the problem of potential thermal damage in high-current applications. Taking advantage of the residual gasas active material, the Beam InducedFluorescence (BIF) monitor exploitsgasfluorescence in the visible range for transversal profile measurements. Depending on beam parameters and vacuum-constraints, BIF monitors can be operated at base-pressure or in dedicated local pressure bumps up to the mbar range. Nowadays, BIF monitors are investigatedin manyacceleratorlaboratoriesforhadronenergies from about 100 keV up to several 100 GeV. This paper gives an introduction to the measurement principle and typical operating conditions. It summarizes recent investigations, e.g. on different working gases, and it compares various technical realizations.

Beam induced fluorescence monitors

Scintillating screens are commonly used at accelerator facilities. However, their imaging qualities are not well understood, especially for high-current ion beam operation. Several types of inorganic scintillators were investigated for various ion species and energies of 4.8 and 11.4 MeV/u. For ion beam applications, the exact reproduction of the beam profile is of great importance. Due to the impact by ions, the dose rate during beam delivery is more than 10 orders of magnitude higher as for other applications of scintillators in typical nuclear physics experiments. To validate the imaging quality of the scintillators, different profile measurement methods are compared. Ceramic Al2O3 showed the best results compared to other ceramics like ZrO2 :Y or quartz glass Herasil 102. The imaging properties of the materials can depend significantly on the ion energy. For Al2O3 irradiated with a Ca beam the of 4.8 MeV/u, the results agree with the reference methods. However, for 11.4 MeV/u, the screen image does not reflect the beam distribution, which cannot be attributed to material degradation. A model is under development taking into account the radial dose distribution along the ion track as well as the overlap of tracks. For Al2O3 , this model can describe the observed saturation effect and is able to reconstruct saturated images. The basics and applications of this model are discussed. Detailed spectroscopic investigations were performed to determine the influence of the ion beam intensity on the luminescence spectra emitted by the materials. No significant dependence on the spectra with respect to the beam intensity was found for most of the scintillators.

Scintillation Screen Studies for High-Dose Ion Beam Applications

First observation of quasi–monochromatic optical Cherenkov radiation in a dispersive medium (quartz)

The present article summarizes the results of two experiments which were performed to study the radiation properties of backward transition radiation (BTR) in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) region. This wavelength region is of particular interest for transverse beam profile imaging, because the spatial resolution is improved as a result of the reduced contribution in the imaging process of the fundamental diffraction limit. In addition, the influence of coherent effects in the transition radiation emission process, which have been observed in the visible region, might be mitigated. The first experiment, dedicated to the investigation of the BTR angular characteristics, indicates that the radiation yield in the EUV region is higher than theoretically expected and that it is even comparable to the yield in the visible region. The second measurement was devoted to transverse beam profile imaging based on quasimonochromatic BTR, in both the EUV and the visible region, and is a proof-of-principle experiment demonstrating that EUV BTR is a suitable candidate for standard beam profile diagnostics.

https://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.17.112805

Backward transition radiation in the extreme ultraviolet region as a tool for the transverse beam profile diagnostic

The vibrating wire monitor proposed herein is based on the strong dependence of the frequency of the pinched wire on its temperature. This dependence allows the measurement of a particle/X-ray/gamma-ray beam that deposits part of its energy on the wire. A wide measured temperature range from fractions of mK to hundreds of degrees allows the detection of beam properties at a given position of the wire in space. It also enables preparing profiling of a beam in a large dynamic range by scanning the wire through the beam. This review paper presents information on various applications of a vibrating wire, including the method of resonance target and the use of wire oscillations as a scanner for the profiling of thin beams.

Vibrating wire monitor: Versatile instrumentation for particle and photon beam measurements with wide dynamic range

Scintillation screens are widely used for transverse beam profile diagnostics at particle accelerators. The monitor principle relies on the fact that a charged particle crossing the screen material deposits energy which is converted into detectable light. The resulting photon emission leads to a direct image of the two-dimensional beam distribution and can be measured with standard optical techniques. Simplicity and low cost make this kind of diagnostic very attractive. During the last years, scintillating screen monitors were mainly deployed in hadron and low energy electron machines. Most recent experiences from modern LINAC-based light sources showed that optical transition radiation (OTR) diagnostics commonly used as standard profile measurement system might fail for high energy and high brilliance electron beams. This makes again the usage of scintillating screens very attractive. Studies showed that the response of scintillating materials depends on many parameters such as particle energy, intensity, species and time structure of the beam. Therefore, scintillating materials have to be tailored with respect to the application demands required at large accelerator facilities. Measured properties, as light yield or imaged beam shape, show a strong dependency on the scintillating material and change significantly with screen temperature as observed for high current ion beams at low energies. In addition, the spectral response of inorganic material might change with intense ion irradiation. Many investigations on scintillating screen properties were performed for particle ιuxes much higher than for typical applications in medical imaging or high energy physics.

Scintillating Screen Applications in Accelerator Beam Diagnostics

Various scintillation screens were irradiated with Uranium at 269 MeV/u and Carbon at 296 MeV/u over a large intensity range as extracted from the GSI synchrotron SIS18. Their imaging properties were studied with the goal to achieve a precise transverse profile determination. Sensitive scintillators, ceramics and Quartz-glasses were investigated. A linear light yield over four orders of magnitude was found for some materials. For the various screens, remarkable differences up to ρ30 % concerning the image width were determined. CHOICE OF MATERIALS For transverse profile determination, scintillation screens are frequently used [1], because they deliver a high resolution 2-dimentional beam image and can be realized with reasonable cost. For the anti-proton and heavy ion facility FAIR, these devices are foreseen at about 40 locations for profile determination of intense primary beams as well as very low intensity radioactive ion beams. Different materials are investigated with the focus on the dynamic range i.e. the linearity of the light output as a function of beam current. The image quality for profile reproduction is represented by the image width and higher statistical moments.

Scintillation screen investigations for high energy heavy ion beams at gsi

The Beam Induced Fluorescence Monitor was developed as a non-intercepting optical measurement device, dedicated for transverse beam profile monitoring at high current operation at the GSI Heavy Ion Linear Accelerator UNILAC. Nowadays, BIF monitors are installed at four different locations and handed over to the operating team as a standard diagnostic tool.

Beam Induced Fluorescence (BIF) Monitors as a Standard Operating Tool

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

C. Andre

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Scintillating Screen Applications in Accelerator Beam Diagnostics

Scintillation screen investigations for high energy heavy ion beams at gsi

Beam Induced Fluorescence (BIF) Monitors as a Standard Operating Tool