Relationships between meteorological parameters and criteria air pollutants in three megacities in China

The Climate Risk Index confirms the widely held view that climate risks generally affect less developed countries more than industrialised countries. The report aims to serve as an early warning resource by highlighting which vulnerable developing countries are frequently hit by extreme weather events. South East Asia is the region that has suffered most from extreme weather events during the last two decades. In some countries disasters are rare; low frequency, high impact events are a difficult challenge for risk management and readiness and poor countries will often sideline them. This can be illustrated by the case of Myanmar: Although the country ranks second, it is the country with the lowest total number of events between 1994 and 2013 among the ten most affected states.

Global climate risk index 2015 : who suffers most From extreme weather events? weather-related loss events in 2013 and 1994 to 2013.

http://ecite.utas.edu.au/128347/1/Campbell%20et%20al%202018%20Heatwave%20and%20health%20impact%20research%20-%20A%20global%20review.pdf

Heatwave and health impact research: A global review.

In the past few decades, several devastating heat wave events have significantly challenged public health. As these events are projected to increase in both severity and frequency in the future, it is important to assess the relationship between heat waves and the health indicators that can be used in the early warning systems to guide the public health response. Yet there is a knowledge gap in the impact of heat waves on morbidity. In this study, a comprehensive review was conducted to assess the relationship between heat waves and different morbidity indicators, and to identify the vulnerable populations. The PubMed and ScienceDirect database were used to retrieve published literature in English from 1985 to 2014 on the relationship between heat waves and morbidity, and the following MeSH terms and keywords were used: heat wave, heat wave, morbidity, hospital admission, hospitalization, emergency call, emergency medical services, and outpatient visit. Thirty-three studies were included in the final analysis. Most studies found a short-term negative health impact of heat waves on morbidity. The elderly, children, and males were more vulnerable during heat waves, and the medical care demand increased for those with existing chronic diseases. Some social factors, such as lower socioeconomic status, can contribute to heat-susceptibility. In terms of study methods and heat wave definitions, there remain inconsistencies and uncertainties. Relevant policies and guidelines need to be developed to protect vulnerable populations. Morbidity indicators should be adopted in heat wave early warning systems in order to guide the effective implementation of public health actions.

/pdf/heat-waves-and-morbidity-current-knowledge-and-further-1q7vz3xtcj.pdf

Heat Waves and Morbidity: Current Knowledge and Further Direction-A Comprehensive Literature Review

There is near consensus in the scientific community that humans will experience higher future temperatures due to the ongoing accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The human response to this climatic change, particularly if accompanied by a surge in extreme heat events, is a key topic being addressed by scientists across many disciplines. In this article, we review recent (2012–2015) research on human health impacts of observed and projected increases in summer temperature. We find that studies based on projected changes in climate indicate substantial increases in heat-related mortality and morbidity in the future, while observational studies based on historical climate and health records show a decrease in negative impacts during recent warming. The discrepancy between the two groups of studies generally involves how well and how quickly humans can adapt to changes in climate via physiological, behavioral, infrastructural, and/or technological adaptation, and how such adaptation is quantified.

/pdf/rising-temperatures-human-health-and-the-role-of-adaptation-tynusxpy11.pdf

Rising Temperatures, Human Health, and the Role of Adaptation

https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/2440/97352/2/hdl_97352.pdf

The effects of summer temperature and heat waves on heat-related illness in a coastal city of China, 2011-2013.

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The effects of summer temperature and heat waves on heat-related illness in a coastal city of China, 2011-2013.