Vortex-induced motions are generally known as destructive phenomena for engineering structures. Nevertheless, they have a positive effect which is their great potential to extract renewable energy from the fluid flow. The phenomenology of vortex-induced motions has been studied and several energy harvesting technologies based on these motions have been reported, separately through literature. However, a comprehensive study that bonds together the phenomenology and the energy extraction technologies does not exist yet. Now that this area has become well established, classification of the relevant phenomena and technologies has become necessary as well. The present paper has two main objectives; The first objective is to classify the whole vortex-induced motion phenomena into several groups which include Flutter, Transverse and Torsional Galloping, Buffeting, Vortex-Induced Vibration (VIV), and Fluttering-Autorotation. The second objective is to review the literature, with the aim of classifying different technologies of renewable energy harvesting based on vortex-induced motion. Also, the performance characteristics and economical costs of these technologies are benchmarked.

Renewable energy harvesting by vortex-induced motions: Review and benchmarking of technologies

https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/bitstream/10453/129996/6/An%20impact-based%20broadband.pdf

An impact-based broadband aeroelastic energy harvester for concurrent wind and base vibration energy harvesting

This paper represents an expert view from Europe of future emerging technologies within the wind energy sector considering their potential, challenges, applications and technology readiness and how they might evolve in the coming years. These technologies were identified as originating primarily from the academic sector, some start-up companies and a few larger industrial entities. The following areas were considered: airborne wind energy, offshore floating concepts, smart rotors, wind-induced energy harvesting devices, blade tip-mounted rotors, unconventional power transmission systems, multi-rotor turbines, alternative support structures, modular high voltage direct current generators, innovative blade manufacturing techniques, diffuser-augmented turbines and small turbine technologies. The future role of advanced multiscale modelling and data availability is also considered. This expert review has highlighted that more research will be required to realise many of these emerging technologies. However, there is a need to identify synergies between fundamental and industrial research by correctly targeting public and private funding in these emerging technology areas as industrial development may outpace more fundamental research faster than anticipated.

/pdf/future-emerging-technologies-in-the-wind-power-sector-a-jdjrb0wtfg.pdf

Future emerging technologies in the wind power sector: A European perspective

A rotational piezoelectric energy harvester for efficiently harvesting wind energy is developed The piezoelectric (PVDF) beam generates electricity using the impact-induced vibration An analytical model is presented and simulated using finite element method The transient responses of the piezoelectric beam subjected to an impulse pressure are obtained The relationship between rms output voltage and excitation frequency is analyzed It is found the impact frequency is an important factor for the harvester performance When the impact frequency is beyond the critical one, the output power of the harvester will decrease with increasing the wind speed To improve the harvester performance, the methods for the adjustment of the vibration frequency of the PVDF beam are proposed The harvester can effectively scavenge the wind energy A maximum rms voltage of 1602 V and a maximum output power of 25664 μW were obtained at the wind speed of 14 m/s in configuration 2

A rotational piezoelectric energy harvester for efficient wind energy harvesting

Energy harvesting by means of flow-induced vibrations on aerospace vehicles

In this paper, both a baseline galloping piezoelectric energy harvester (GPEH) with a square bluff body and an improved GPEH with an impact bump stop are tested in a wind tunnel in order to determine the system damping, electrical response and limit cycle oscillation (LCO) amplitude. In the baseline GPEH, harvested voltage, LCO amplitude and damping ratio vary with wind velocity and electrical load. They all increase with increasing wind velocity under the same electrical load. Under each wind velocity, the damping ratio increases from the short circuit load, reaches a peak value at the electrical load resulting in a maximum voltage, and reduces the value at the open circuit load. The LCO amplitude shows the opposite trend compared to the damping case. It decreases as the electrical resistance load increases and reaches the minimum value when the damping ratio is highest. A resistance load of 100 kΩ yields a maximum peak power output. The impact stop is introduced to reduce bending stresses and improve the fatigue life of the baseline GPEH. The performance of the improved GPEH depends on the stop design parameters such as gap size, stop location and contact area. Comprehensive tests were conducted to investigate the effect of each parameter on the performance of the improved GPEH and an optimal bump stop configuration was determined. Compared to the expected proportional reduction in both electrical and structural responses, a maximum 70% reduction in LCO amplitude and only a maximum 20% reduction in harvested voltage are achieved in our optimal improved GPEH. The time variable and motion dependent aerodynamic forces acting on the bluff body could contribute to this. In summary, comprehensive experimental evaluations were conducted to characterize the performance of both baseline GPEHs and improved GPEHs. The baseline GPEH service life can be significantly improved by incorporating an impact bump stop. The improved GPEH design provides a practical solution to harvest electricity from wind-induced vibration.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0964-1726/23/10/104012/pdf

Experimental investigation of galloping piezoelectric energy harvesters with square bluff bodies

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Experimental investigation of galloping piezoelectric energy harvesters with square bluff bodies