This discussion by a leading expert on drug use illuminates the factors that permit some people to use such highly addictive and dangerous substances as alcohol, marijuana, psychedelics, and opiates in a controlled fashion.

Understanding and Controlling Drug Users@@@Trafficking in Drug Users: Professional Exchange Networks in the Control of Deviance.@@@Substance Abuse, Habitual Behavior, and Self-Control.@@@Drug, Set, and Setting: The Basis for Controlled Intoxicant Use.

Since the late 1970s and early 1980s when the so-called war was declared on drugs in America, little attention to treatment has been focused on African American women Even less attention has been given to their children in treatment Even when the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) made an attempt to refocus attention by awarding more funding to research and treatment (Rosenbaum & Murphy, 1981), these funds focused on women, but did not specify treatment and research with their children Current drug treatment programs continue to make attempts to measure treatment outcomes based on an Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) model of treatment It is possible that this model alone produces barriers to treatment of African American women and their children rather than yielding success It is widely known that African American women are disproportionately represented among the ranks of those who suffer from the abuse of alcohol or other drugs Consequently, many African American women eventually find themselves in some form of treatment because of these problems and the added fear of losing their children Professionals are increasingly realizing that many substance abuse treatment programs may not serve the needs of their female African American clients because (a) there is a focus on the AA model only, (b) there are few agencies that provide

Afrocentric Treatment of African American Women and Their Children in a Residential Chemical Dependency Program

The disease concept of alcoholism: Its impact on women's treatment

Developmental Systems Theory and Alcoholism: Analyzing Patterns of Variation in High-Risk Families

A vigorous and long standing argument continues in an effort to define the etiology of alcoholism and prescribe its treatment. Each sideaadvances its cause by challenging the other's efficacy. However, none of the prevalling responses to alcoholism is very effective. Fighting on the ideological battlefield of western science results in a sterile understanding of alcoholism and provides social workers little information to help them understand the experience of alcoholism and the complexities of recovery. The experience of alcoholism is profound. More than a bad habit or a disease, alcoholism is an attempt to give life meaning, to assuage existential dilemmas. Effective recovery from alcoholism occurs when clients learn to disengage from their relationship with alcohol and give their lives a new sense of meaning. Sources of knowledge outside empirical science offer important principles to help workers facilitate recovery.

Alcoholism: The quest for transcendence and meaning

This paper discusses the reasons for the persistence of the disease model of alcoholism in the face of increasing evidence contradicting its basic assumptions. Data from in‐depth interviews with former problem drinkers are used to illustrate the ways in which the disease model: 1) shapes the empirical reality from which data for its support are derived, 2) implies methodological strategies which limit the possibility of its refutation and 3) blinds its supporters to the meaning of anomalous data. Implications for the immediate future of the disease model are discussed.

The disease concept of alcoholism: The persistence of an outmoded scientific paradigm

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The disease concept of alcoholism: The persistence of an outmoded scientific paradigm