The pregnant woman's eye

Pregnancy is often associated with ocular changes, most often transient in nature, though occasionally permanent. It can be associated with development of new conditions, or can exacerbate pre-existing conditions. The ocular effects of pregnancy may be divided into physiologic changes, pathologic conditions or modifications of pre-existing conditions. Pathologic conditions include entities such as pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, along with conditions that are seen with increased frequency during pregnancy such as central serous retinopathy. The most significant modified pre-existing condition is diabetes mellitus. The various effects of pregnancy on the eye will be reviewed in this article.

Ocular complications of pregnancy.

Management of glaucoma in pregnancy and lactation.

Use of Ophthalmic Medications in Pregnant and Nursing Women

The success of medical treatment for the management of glaucoma depends largely on patients' compliance with the treatment regimen. Ophthalmic topical beta blockers have had a significant impact on the medical management of glaucoma by providing effective ocular hypotensive action coupled with improved patient compliance, which has been achieved by reduced frequency of instillation of the eye drops and minimal side effects.This paper reviews the wide range of ocular and systemic adverse effects associated with the use of ophthalmic beta blockers and highlights the specific population groups at increased risk for these reactions. Clinicians may, however, continue to take advantage of the promise shown by beta blockers to reduce intraocular pressure with minimal adverse reactions by their selective use in patients with glaucoma. Other precautionary measures to minimize the frequency and severity of systemic adverse effects related to topical beta blockade are discussed. Many of the newer ophthalmic ...

Ophthalmic Topical Beta Blockers: Review of Ocular and Systemic Adverse Effects

[Local beta-blockers during pregnancy].

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[Local beta-blockers during pregnancy].